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北京恭王府解說詞篇一

&this is the description of prince gong's residence in historicalbooks. in terms of its location, it occupies an excellent position in thecapital. the ancients paid great attention to fengshui in building houses andgardens. it is said that there are two dragon veins in beijing. one is the earthdragon, which is the dragon vein of the forbidden city; the other is the waterdragon, which refers to the line between houhai and beihai. prince gong'sresidence is just on the connecting line between houhai and beihai, which is thedragon vein. therefore, fengshui is very good. the ancients took water as theirwealth. they found water everywhere in prince gong's mansion. the water of thelargest pavilion in the center of the lake was introduced from yuquan lake, andit only entered but did not flow out. therefore, it is more in line with thetheory of geomantic omen. china's top ten marshals and guo moruo and others alllived near prince gong's residence and lived a long life. it is said that theplace with the largest number of long-lived people in beijing is near princegong's residence. this place is really a treasure land of geomantic omen.

prince gong's mansion is composed of two parts: mansion and garden. it isabout 330 meters long from north to south and 180 meters wide from east to covers an area of 61120 square meters, including 32260 square meters ofmansion and 28860 square meters of garden. the mansion is not only spacious, butalso the highest standard of architecture. the obvious signs are the front doorand the number of houses. there are five front rooms, seven main rooms, fiveback rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room on the left and right. there mustbe no more royal mansions than these. the form of the house and the color of thetiles should not exceed the standard. there are three courtyards in the middle,east and west roads of prince gong's mansion, and the back two courtyards ofeach road are the main areas for people to visit.

the mansion building is divided into east, middle and west roads, each ofwhich is composed of multiple courtyard buildings running through the strictcentral axis from south to north.

the main buildings on the middle road are yin'an hall and jiale hall. theroof of the hall is green glazed tiles, which shows the majesty of the middleroad and the identity of the prince. the front courtyard of east road is calledduofuxuan. in front of the hall, there is a vine that has been growing for morethan 200 years. it is still growing very well. it is extremely rare in thecapital. the main room of the backyard on east road is called "ledotang", whichwas the living place of prince gong yi xin. the siheyuan on the west road isrelatively small and exquisite. the main buildings are baoguang room andxijinzhai. the most exquisite work is xijinzhai, which belongs to thehigh-profile school. there are exquisitely carved sections of nanmu in the hall,which is in the style of ningshou palace in the forbidden city (this is one ofthe "twenty crimes" of hezhen's being condemned to death). in the deepest partof the mansion, there is a two-story back cover building, 156 meters long fromeast to west. there are 88 windows on the back wall. there are 108 rooms in thebuilding, commonly known as "99 rooms and a half", which means "when you getthere, you will get rich".

it's called "langrun garden" or "cuijin garden". it's commonly known asgongwangfu garden. wandering in the garden is like walking in the mountains andrivers. echoing the residence, the garden is also divided into east, west andeast. the entrance of the middle road is a white marble arched stone gate withwestern architectural style, centered on the stele of "fu" written by emperorkangxi, with dulefeng and bat pool in front and green sky xiaoyin and bat hallin the back. the layout is memorable. the grand theater hall on the east road isdecorated with fresh and beautiful decoration. the purple flowers of twigs andvines are in full bloom, making people feel like watching the opera under thevines. at the south end of the theater, the ming daozhai, the winding pathleading to seclusion, the hanging green yue, the singing fragrance and thedrunken moon, and the liubei pavilion constitute the garden in the garden. inthe garden, there are towering ancient trees, lots of strange rocks, wateraround the mountains, pavilions, pavilions and corridors. the landscape of thegarden under the moonlight is ever-changing, with a unique cave. many chineseand foreign tourists come here, looking for the past of green mountains, clearwaters and winding paths.

prince gong's residence, located in qianhai west street, was built in 1776& mdash; 1785. it was originally the private residence of he li, a favoriteminister of qianlong in qing dynasty. after he li was killed in jiaqing forcorruption, the private residence here was given to king qing. during the reignof tongzhi, because prince gong yixin cooperated with cixi to launch a coup,empress dowager cixi gave the house to him and became prince gong'sresidence.

the hall of silver luan is the main building of prince gong's residence. asthe main hall of the palace, it can only be opened when there are importantevents and festivals, which plays a role of etiquette. in the early years of therepublic of china, due to an accidental fire, the main hall was burned togetherwith the east and west side halls. now the courtyard of yin'an hall isrebuilt.

the architecture in the period of hetao. there is a plaque on the side ofjiale hall. it is suspected that the plaque was given to hezhen by emperorqianlong, but there is no money and seal on the plaque, so there is no reason toconfirm it. however, hezhen has jialetang poetry anthology, which indicates thatit is the room name of hezhen. in the period of prince gong, jiale hall wasmainly used as the sacrificial place of the royal palace, where the tablets ofancestors and gods were offered, and shamanism was the main ritual. princegong's mansion covers an area of about 60000 square meters. it is divided intotwo parts: the mansion and the garden. it has more than 30 buildings of varioustypes, with exquisite layout and extraordinary style. its garden, also known asjincui garden, has a high artistic level in layout and design. the gardenimitates the palace of peaceful longevity in the imperial palace. the park issurrounded by rockeries in the shape of "mountain". in the east, south and west,there are mounds of earth and stone. in the middle of the road, there are cavesand gullies made of fangshan stone. the top platform becomes the highest pointof the whole garden. from a high position, you can see the whole garden. princegong's mansion was rebuilt on the basis of the official's residence. among the20 major crimes he convicted in that year, there was the problem of "potentialwaste and overstepping the system" about the decoration of the eaves. forexample, the 13th section of the article "found that the house of he had a nanmuhall, and its multi box structure and partition doors and windows imitated thesystem of ningshou palace";. therefore, the decoration of the eaves of princegong's residence is unique in the culture of prince gong's residence

1、 it has the highest specifications and can be compared with the palacebuildings

the decoration of the eaves of the main halls of prince gong's mansion isnot only duobaoge and partition, but also xianlou and the sacrificial stove withpilu hat in the temple. and has the indoor rockery pool, the decoration becomesthe indoor small garden, is ingenious.

2、 there are many forms

from the leitu, we can see that there were more than 20 buildings decoratedwith inner eaves in those years, and there were many types, such as taishibi,throne bed, blue gauze cabinet, sacrificial stove, wanzi kang, several legscover, floor cover, kang cover, true and false door, xianlou, shuge, duobaoge,shunshan kang, front and back eaves kang, etc.

3、 flexible demarcation and rich space:

the main halls of prince gong's mansion are composed of solemn and solemnopen space, private space, symmetrical space, asymmetric space and flexiblespace. some are suitable to receive senior guests, some are used for shamanismsacrificial activities, some are suitable for daily life, and some are used assleep, so different space needs are appropriate.

4、 exquisite workmanship and superb skills:

it can be seen from the decoration remains of prince gong's mansion thathardwood is used. the processed wood can be made into small sections, and thecarving patterns are undulating accurately. moreover, various kinds of wagonscan be made by using circles or curves. only on the basis of fine processing canit be completed. the construction difficulty is amazing. unfortunately, most ofthe original eaves decoration of prince gong's mansion has disappeared. today,through the study of the culture of prince gong's mansion, we should furtherexcavate it, combine with the future exhibition requirements of the museum ofprince gong's mansion, and reproduce the glory of that year.

in 1776, the 41st year of emperor qianlong's reign, he lin began to buildhis luxurious house, which was called "he di";. it is said that during the reignof emperor hongzhi of the ming dynasty, li guang, the great eunuch, was onceplaced here. on the third day of the first month of the fourth year of jiaqing,emperor hongli returned to heaven. on the next day, jiaqing stripped theminister of military aircraft and the governor of jiumen from his home. it isestimated that his total wealth is about 800 million taels of silver, which isequivalent to the fiscal revenue of the qing government for 15 years. therefore,there is a saying that "when he falls, jiaqing is satisfied.". on february 22,1799, on the 18th of the first month of the same year, he was ordered to commitsuicide;. the house itself, however, is owned by prince qingyu, his youngerbrother.

at the same time, qianlong's daughter and princess xiao, who were marriedto the son of hetao, still lived in half the house. in 1851, the first year ofxianfeng, prince gong yi, an important political figure in the late qingdynasty, became the third generation owner of the house and changed its name toprince gong's house, which is still in use today. &"a prince gong's mansion,half of the history of qing dynasty" is the evaluation of prince gong's mansionby hou renzhi, a historical geographer. in the early years of the republic ofchina, the palace was sold to the church by prince gong's grandson pu wei for400000 yuan. later, it was redeemed by furen university with 108 gold bars andused as a school for girls. after the founding of new china, wangfu has beenused by dormitories of the ministry of public security, fan factories,conservatory of music and other units.

prince gong's mansion is the most complete preserved building complex inchina, which is divided into two parts: the mansion and the garden, with themansion in the front and the garden in the back. the opening of prince gong'sresidence was put on the agenda as early as 30 years ago. in 1975, premier zhouentrusted gu mu with three unfinished tasks in his hospital bed, one of whichwas the opening of prince gong's residence.

prince gong's residence was built in the reign of emperor qianlong of theqing dynasty. it was the private residence of heshi, a bachelor.

in the early years of tongzhi, yixin, the third generation of the hosthere, was the king of politics and the leader of the military plane. he was verypowerful and distinguished for a time. he built the mansion and renovated thepart of the mansion. it was at that time that the architectural scale andpattern of prince gong's mansion was finally formed.

the first half of prince gong's mansion is a magnificent mansion, and thesecond half is a deep and beautiful classical garden, covering an area of nearly60000 square meters. the mansion is dignified and solemn, simple and elegant,with bright corridors and ridges. it is second only to the imperial palace. thecuijin garden at the back of the mansion is surrounded by water and mountains,with towering ancient trees, winding corridors, pavilions and pavilions.

according to the existing literature, in this fengshui treasure land on thewest bank of qianhai in the capital, surrounded by "panlongshui", there was alarge-scale temple in the yuan and ming dynasties, which was full of incense andfull of visitors. even the emperor came here to worship the buddha. it was onlyin the middle of the 16th century that the temple was gradually abandoned andreduced to a supply factory of the ming dynasty. after the qing dynasty came tobeijing, a number of courtyards of different sizes were built here for ordinarybanners such as the house of internal affairs.

around the 40th year of emperor qianlong's reign, he lin, who was red andpurple in front of the emperor, fell in love with this fengshui treasure land,which is surrounded by water, connected to the western mountains, and not farfrom the emperor's home. he bought many properties here at a high price andbuilt them into famous "and" di ";.

prince gong's residence is known as "half of the history of qing dynasty",which is closely related to the three generations of owners living here. as weall know, the first generation of government leader he lu was a zaifu and abachelor in the late qianlong period. he was also a famous corrupt official inhistory. he attracted people's attention in the history of the qing dynasty, andthere were so many legends about him. in particular, his son, fengshen yin de,later married the youngest daughter of emperor qianlong, gu lun, and princessxiao, which made the mansion a real princess house for a while;

in the fourth year of jiaqing, he zhen died for his crime, so the emperorof jiaqing gave the house to his younger brother yongzhen, the king of is probably the most beloved of all the owners of this mansion. as earlyas when he lin was in power, all the princes of qianlong agreed that no matterwho became emperor in the future, he would be killed. but the 17th princeyonglin said: "no matter which elder brother becomes emperor in the future, iwill be satisfied if he lin's mansion is awarded to me!";

when it comes to yongyao, many people are not familiar with him. but whenit comes to his grandson, yizhe, the prince of qing who signed the "treaty ofsorrow and disgrace" with li hongzhang and the allied forces of the eightcountries, i'm afraid everyone knows about him. yi zhe is also a famous corruptofficial in modern chinese history, but compared with the cowardly andincompetent bailey in the late qing dynasty, he is still a man who dares to beresponsible and can entrust heavy responsibilities. therefore, since the tongzhidynasty, yi zhe has been favored by empress dowager cixi. before xianfengchanged his residence to prince gong, he lived here as a general of theauxiliary country.

as for prince gong yixin, he was one of the most important politicalfigures in modern chinese history. he participated in the second opium war andalmost all the major political activities after it (1853-1898). during the"xinyou coup", he helped cixi to the throne of "hanging curtain to listen topolitics"; it is no exaggeration to say that without yi xin, the whole modernchinese history, and even the later chinese history, would have beenrewritten.

if all things in the world are spiritual, then this beautiful buildingsurrounded by "panlongshui" is destined to be a miserable garden full of sadtemperament and ill fated from the day it was born.

in the fourth year of jiaqing (1799), after he was executed, emperorjiaqing gave the west half of the mansion to his seventeen younger brotheryongyu, who only wanted to live in he's house but not in the emperor's seat. thereason why they only gave him half of them was that the emperor qianlong's tenprincesses and their son-in-law, fengshen yinde, lived there at that time.

princess hexiao is the most legendary princess in the whole history of qingdynasty. her biological mother is wang's favorite concubine in the late years ofemperor qianlong. in the first month of qianlong's 40th year, when the youngestdaughter came to the world, whose temperament and appearance all resembled herfather's, the emperor was already 65 years old. although the ten princesses werewomen, they were born with divine power. they could open ten strong bows andoften rode with their father in hunting. as a result, qianlong loved her morethan all his children. he sighed more than once: "if you are an elder brother,the throne will belong to you in the future!" indeed, the ten princesses werenot only excellent in martial arts, but also had an extraordinary mind. when hewas happy, his son-in-law relied on his father-in-law and behaved delicatelyeven though, the princess once sternly reprimanded him: "you, amar, have beengracious to my father. you don't want to repay him, but you only know how totake bribes. i'm worried about you. on the day when my wealth is not guaranteed,even i will be affected by you“

although the ten princesses' words were unfortunately right, emperorjiaqing still remembered his brother and sister's love and did not deprive himof the title of his younger sister husband. the princess and his wife stilllived in their original home. therefore, the house was divided into two parts:qingwang's house in the west and princess's house in the east. it was not untilseptember 1823, when the tenth princess died, that the whole house came underthe name of qingwang. at that time, yongyu had been dead for more than threeyears;

after 1911, according to the regulations of the government of the republicof china on preferential treatment of qing dynasty, the palace became theprivate property of the owner. later, because of the political turmoil and thedifficulties of livelihood, the posterity kings and grandchildren came intobeing one after another

北京恭王府解說詞篇二

hello, tourists!

prince gong's mansion used to be the home of "the most greedy one in allages". later, emperor jiaqing made twenty-four charges and confiscated hishouse. because the last owner was prince gong aixinjueluo yijin, it was calledprince gong's mansion.

there are two dragon veins in beijing, one is the central axis of beijing,the other is the moat. the palace museum is located at the head of the centralaxis. prince gongqin's residence is located at the intersection of the twodragon veins. he lin once said, "the emperor takes the dragon's head, i take thedragon's tail.". although the dragon's head is in charge of the overallsituation, it still needs the dragon's tail to do great things. &"listen, hoho is so ambitious that he deserves to be the first greedy person in allages.";!

there are 9999 bats in prince gongqin's mansion;. this is not a real bat,but a bat like building. in order to make himself happy, he took the homonym of"fu" and built 9999 bats;.

when you enter the door, the first thing you see is a huge bat;. this is abat like pond called "fu chi";. rockery and gravel are randomly scattered on thebank of the pool. around fuchi, elms are planted. the fruit and leaf of elms arelike copper coins. whenever the fruit and leaf of copper coins fall into fuchi,hexiang will laugh and laugh: & lt; money falling from the sky enters my& lsquo; cornucopia & gt;, and the money on the ground also flows intomy bag. &"that's true!

we followed the gurgling water of fuchi and came to a door. this is abeautiful western gate with bright colors and fine workmanship. it is said thatthis is one of his 24 counts. because this western gate was made after thewestern gate in the royal garden.

after entering the western gate and bypassing the stone carving of "songziguanyin", it is the opera garden of the ho family. in front of the play gardenis a garden, with some flowers in the trim bushes. the play "xiangfei playsbutterfly" in huanzhuge was shot here. only two places in beijing are coveredwith green bricks. one is the taihe hall in the forbidden city, and the other isthe stage of the ho family. because the sound amplification effect of greenbrick is very good, singing on the stage does not need any sound amplificationtools. in such a large theater, everyone can hear music, and it is also a greathonor to stand on the stage full of green bricks and sing for the powerfulministers such as he lu.

through the well carved zhulan corridor, you come to the study of he study is surrounded by rockery and bamboo groves, quiet and quiet. the wholegongqin palace is not built with stone bricks. this study is made of a specialkind of bamboo. it's warm in winter and cool in summer. he likes to stayhere.

out of the study, the magnificent building in front is the main hall — & mdash; where he lin meets visitors. to get to the main hall, thereis a very special road. there is only one ladder, and then there is a straightand gentle slope. because he said that in his life, he had suffered only when hewas young, and then he went all the way to the peak of power. we can cross thebottom of the ladder, avoid suffering, and go straight to the top;.

there is a story: when the empress dowager of xiaozhuang was very old andsick, she loved her grandson emperor kangxi very much and was very depressed. heasked su malagu, his maid, to prepare her pen and paper, and with a stroke ofher pen, she wrote "fu". after finishing the writing, xuanye and su malagu lookat the word "fu" and are stunned & mdash; & mdash; the word is powerfuland natural. if you look closely, you can see many phrases: more fields, moresons, more talents, more longevity & hellip; & hellip; isn't this thewish of the emperor's grandmother? the more emperor kangxi saw it, the moresatisfied he was, he ordered people to put the word "fu" on a huge stone. as aresult, the empress dowager, who had been ill for a long time, soon r kangxi was so happy that he decided to pass on this auspicious andauspicious stone from generation to generation, so that the aixinjueluo familycould prosper from generation to generation.

unfortunately, when it reached qianlong, it was stolen out of the person is he lin. now this stone is at the foot of our main hall, onlyshowing the side with the word "fu". this & quot; blessing & quot; isthe 10th blessing of prince gongqin's mansion, which means & quot; tenthousand blessings & quot;. he shen also said with an air: & lt; theemperor is & lsquo; long live & gt; and i am & lsquo; wanfu >! & gt; later, when emperor jiaqing copied his house, he wanted to movethe fushi back to the palace, but he didn't. he lin was too cunning. he built abat like fushan mountain with stones and built a dragon on the left and right ofthe word "fu", implying that "the dragon sits on the river and mountain".emperor jiaqing didn't want to destroy himself, so he left the stone.

北京恭王府解說詞篇三

prince gong's house used to be the home of wang shen, the most greedy onein all ages. later, emperor jiaqing made twenty-four charges and confiscated hishouse. because the last host was prince gong's aixinjueluo, it was called princegong's mansion.

there are two dragon veins in beijing, one is the central axis of beijing,the other is the moat. the palace museum is located at the head of the centralaxis. prince gongqin's residence is located at the intersection of the twodragon veins. he and wang shen once boasted: "the emperor sits on the dragon'shead, i sit on the dragon's tail. although the dragon's head is in charge of theoverall situation, it still needs the dragon's tail to do great things.&"listen, he and wang shen are so ambitious that they deserve to be thefirst greedy people of all ages.";!

there are 9999 bats in prince gongqin's mansion;. this is not a real bat,but a bat like building. wang shen and wang shen wanted to be happy, so theytook the homonym of "fu" and built 9999 bats;.

when you enter the door, the first thing you see is a huge bat;. this is abat like pond called "fu chi";. rockery and gravel are randomly scattered on thebank of the pool. elm trees are planted around fuchi. the fruit and leaf of elmtrees are like copper coins. when the fruit and leaf like copper coins fall intofuchi, wang shen and i will laugh and laugh: & lt; money falling from thesky enters my & lsquo; cornucopia & gt;, and the money on the groundalso flows into wang shen and i. &"that's true!

we followed the gurgling water of fuchi and came to a door. this is abeautiful western gate with bright colors and fine workmanship. it is said thatthis is one of his 24 counts. because this western gate was made after thewestern gate in the royal garden.

after entering the western gate and bypassing the stone carving of "songziguanyin", it is the opera garden with wang shen's family. in front of the playgarden is a garden, with some flowers in the trim bushes. the play "xiangfeiplays butterfly" in huanzhuge was shot here. only two places in beijing arecovered with green bricks. one is the taihe hall in the forbidden city, and theother is the stage with wang shen's family. because the sound amplificationeffect of the green brick is very good, singing on the stage does not need anysound amplification tools. in such a large theater, everyone can hear music, andit is also a great honor to stand on the stage full of green bricks and sing forthe powerful ministers such as wang shen.

through the well carved zhulan corridor, you come to the study with wangshen. the study is surrounded by rockery and bamboo groves, quiet and quiet. thewhole gongqin palace is not built with stone bricks. this study is made of aspecial kind of bamboo. it is warm in winter and cool in summer. wang shen and ilike to stay here most.

out of the study, the magnificent building in front is the main hall — & mdash; and the place where wang shen meets visitors. to get to themain hall, there is a very special road. there is only one ladder, and thenthere is a straight and gentle slope road, because i told wang shen that in hislife, he had suffered only when he was young, and then he went all the way tothe peak of power. we can cross the bottom of the ladder, avoid suffering, andgo straight to the top;.

there is a story: when the empress dowager of xiaozhuang was very old andsick, she loved her grandson emperor kangxi very much and was very depressed. heasked su malagu, his maid, to prepare her pen and paper, and with a stroke ofher pen, she wrote "fu". after finishing the writing, xuanye and su malagu lookat the word "fu" and are stunned & mdash; & mdash; the word is powerfuland natural. if you look closely, you can see many phrases: more fields, moresons, more talents, more longevity & hellip; & hellip; isn't this thewish of the emperor's grandmother? the more emperor kangxi saw it, the moresatisfied he was, he ordered people to put the word "fu" on a huge stone. as aresult, the empress dowager, who had been ill for a long time, soon r kangxi was so happy that he decided to pass on this auspicious andauspicious stone from generation to generation, so that the aixinjueluo familycould prosper from generation to generation.

unfortunately, when it reached qianlong, it was stolen out of the person is wang shen. now this stone is at the foot of our main hall, onlyshowing the side with the word "fu". this & quot; blessing & quot; isthe 10th blessing of prince gongqin's mansion, which means & quot; tenthousand blessings & quot;. and wang shen also said with an air: & lt;the emperor is & lsquo; long live & gt;, i am & lsquo; wanfu >! & gt; later, when emperor jiaqing copied his house, he wanted to movethe fushi back to the palace, but he still didn't. he and wang shen are toocunning. he built a bat like fushan with stones, and built a dragon on the leftand right of the word "fu", implying that "the dragon sits on the rivermountain". emperor jiaqing didn't want to destroy himself, so he left thestone.

just now, we are going up the road. now let's step on the dragon'spulse.

after walking along the pond in front of fushan, you can come to thefishing pool with wang shen's family. you can walk on a red stone boat to thediaoyutai in the center of the pool. to the south of the diaoyutai, there aresome grotesque rockeries, and the pool is full of green plants. willow trees areplanted on the rocks to the north. their bodies sway with the wind, which makesthem look like they came to baotu spring in jinan. but when i look back, i findthat i haven't left prince gongqin's residence yet: the railings of diaoyutaiare engraved with bat patterns that only prince gongqin's residence in beijinghas.

on the north bank of the fishing pond, there is also an attic with apeculiar shape. in front of the attic, plants and trees are planted. it is saidthat prince gong yi chen jin sent people to make it according to the shape ofthe flag head on empress dowager cixi's head. yi chen jin hated empress dowagercixi very much and said, "if you play with me, i'm going to bully you!".

after visiting prince gongqin's mansion, i look back again and look at thishistoric mansion. i have mixed feelings in my heart: when people who lived herereached the peak of their career, they didn't know that they were on the end ofthe road of power and money.

北京恭王府解說詞篇四

各位游客大家好!

恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和珅的家，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀，抄了他的家充公，因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅奕讠斤，所以稱為恭親王府。

北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線，二是護城河。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處。和珅曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局，卻還要龍尾行大事�！甭犅�，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一貪”!

恭親王府內(nèi)，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和珅想讓自己很幸福，便取“福”的諧音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

進門后，首先映入眼簾的，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹，榆樹的果、葉形似銅錢，每當(dāng)銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時，和珅就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的‘聚寶盆’，地上的錢也是流入我和珅的囊袋中。”這話可真不假!

我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門，色彩鮮艷，做工精細(xì)。據(jù)說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的。

進了西洋門，繞過“送子觀音”石雕，便是和珅家的戲園了。戲園前是一片花園，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒�！董h(huán)珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戲臺了。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和珅等權(quán)貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了。

穿過雕刻精細(xì)的朱欄長廊，便來到了和珅的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環(huán)合，清幽寧靜。整個恭親王府，就它不是用石磚砌的。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏涼，和珅最愛待在這里了。

出書齋，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和珅會客的地方。要上正殿，有一條很特別的路，只有一節(jié)階梯，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和珅說過他這一世，只有年少時吃過苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，萬人之上”的權(quán)勢顛峰。我們可以跨過最底下的一節(jié)階梯，免吃一點苦，直接“平步青云”。

北京恭王府解說詞篇五

王府正殿，俗稱“銀安殿”是王府內(nèi)舉行重要禮節(jié)性活動的場所，在殿內(nèi)中心位臵擺放一組屏風(fēng)和親王的寶座。與故宮的金鑾殿相對應(yīng)的。金鑾殿是皇帝

召見、舉行重大典禮儀式的地方。

你現(xiàn)在看到的這座高大的建筑是本次大修中按同治光緒年間的原樣新建的。最初的銀安殿連同東西配殿在內(nèi)的整個院落于一九二一年正月十五元宵節(jié)夜因燒香失火被毀。

銀安殿的新建歷程：

銀安殿是按照當(dāng)時嚴(yán)格的清廷建筑規(guī)制、王府建筑中的最高規(guī)格屋頂——歇山頂修復(fù)而成的。

游客們請觀察正殿屋頂筒瓦的顏色，屋脊上吻獸個數(shù)，正門門釘?shù)膫�數(shù)等，與你們所見的故宮有何不同?

皇宮屋頂覆蓋金黃色琉璃，是皇權(quán)的象征;王府正殿的屋頂覆蓋綠色琉璃筒瓦、屋脊上綠色琉璃吻獸，配殿屋頂為灰筒瓦，那是明示親王的地位。

門釘。在古建筑里，門釘只在板門上使用。當(dāng)初用來提防敵人用火攻城，所以在涿弋上涂滿了泥，起防火作用。門釘一般是銅制的。清朝則對門釘?shù)氖褂糜幸欢ǖ囊?guī)制�；始医ㄖ�，每扇門的門釘是橫豎各九路，一共是九九八十一個釘。九是陽數(shù)之極，象征帝王最高的地位。因為帝王廟是供奉歷代帝王的，所以也是橫豎九路門釘;王府七路乘七路，但是親王府七路乘九路;再往下就是五路乘五路。

2、多福軒

此院俗稱“藤蘿院”。正殿在和珅時期稱之謂“延禧堂”，是和珅之子與公主的居所。恭親王時期稱之謂“多福軒”，是王府的穿堂客廳，主要用于主人日常接待來客、親友或前來回稟公事的下屬，兼用作存放皇帝送來的禮物�！岸喔＼帯贝素覟橄特S皇帝所題。意為幸福很多的殿堂。殿內(nèi)正中懸掛“同德延禧”匾額，意在告誡主人：你與皇帝同德才能延禧(禧：吉祥如意、福壽綿長)。請大家仔細(xì)觀察殿內(nèi)四壁靠近天花板的地方皆懸掛福壽字匾，這些福壽字均寫于紅色方紙之上(即“斗方”)呈梭形擺放，一福一壽成對制成匾額。清代自康熙以后，每年入冬，皇帝都要親自書寫“�！薄皦邸弊郑�頒賜給王、公、大臣、后妃。逢重大生日慶典，還會加賜“壽”字。按慣例，舊年的福壽字斗方不能揭去，而是將新賜的福壽字斗方直接貼在舊的上面，取“增福添壽”之意�，F(xiàn)在你看到的就是原樣復(fù)制的。

請大家仔細(xì)觀察屋梁上保留下來的乾隆時期的鳳和璽彩畫，雖然僅殘留局部的鳳尾圖案，卻有特殊的價值，它的存在證實了府邸東路曾為公主府 。

和璽彩畫又稱宮殿建筑彩畫，這種建筑彩畫在清代是一種最高等級的彩畫，大多畫在宮殿建筑上或與皇家有關(guān)的建筑之上。

3、樂道堂

這里是東路建筑中最大的一處，也是最后一進院落，正房名“樂道堂”。室內(nèi)梁上至今保存了200多年前清中期包袱錦地彩畫和鳳凰主題彩畫，表明和珅時期這里曾是公主的居所。到了恭親王時期這里是王爺?shù)木邮摇，F(xiàn)在室內(nèi)按恭親王居住時的原樣陳列�！皹返捞谩钡呢翌~是道光帝親筆所書賜給奕忻的，“安身樂道”表達了一位父親希望兒子順心如意、幸福吉祥的美好心愿。

和珅既非親王，在封建等級制度甚嚴(yán)的清朝，他為何臵逾制犯上而不顧大興土木建造如此豪華的私宅呢?從下面的記載中你可知其中的原委。

和珅之子豐紳殷德本名殷德，生于乾隆四十年(1775年)正月十九日，比和孝公主小半個月。和珅與乾隆結(jié)成兒女親家，成為令人高不可攀的皇親國戚，由此更加受到皇上的器重，繼而平步青云。和珅建和宅實際上建成的是公主府，因此和珅建此宅是按照公主府邸和朝廷一品大員的雙重規(guī)格建造的。

4、嘉樂堂

嘉樂堂是和珅時期的堂號，“嘉樂堂”此匾相傳是乾隆賜給和珅的。恭親王時期為“神殿”，即王府舉行薩滿教祭祀活動的地方。

薩滿教祭祀活動：古代的蒙古人最早信仰薩滿教。薩滿教崇拜神靈，把世界分為三種：天堂在上;地為之中;地獄在下。

薩滿祭祀以祭祖祭天最為重要。滿族人崇敬烏鴉，據(jù)傳說滿族祖先在一次戰(zhàn)斗中陷入陷井，情急之下不得不到大樹上作躲藏，樹上的烏鴉一動不動，因而沒有把滿族的祖先暴露給敵人，讓他逃過一劫，東山再起，因此滿族人把烏鴉敬之為神。篇二：恭王府導(dǎo)游詞

各位游客大家好,恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和王申的家，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅·奕讠斤，所以稱為恭親王府。

北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線，二是護城河。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處。和王申曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局，卻還要龍尾行大事�！甭犅牐�和王申野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一貪”!恭親王府內(nèi)，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和王申想讓自己很幸福，便取“�！钡闹C音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

進門后，首先映入眼簾的，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹，榆樹的果、葉形似銅錢，每當(dāng)銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時，和王申就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的?聚寶盆?，地上的錢也是流入我和王申的囊袋中�！边@話可真不假!

北京恭王府解說詞篇六

dear tourists

hello and welcome to beijing. i'm your guide.

prince gong's house garden is a unique garden located behind prince gong'shouse, also known as cuijin garden. it is located at no.14, liuyin street. itwas built in 1777. according to research, it was rebuilt on the old garden ofming dynasty. the park covers an area of 28000 square meters, with 31 ancientbuildings. prince gong has skilled craftsmen in the garden to rebuild thegarden, adding mountains and woods, colorful paintings, integrating thelandscape architecture of the south china and the northern architecture. it is agarden for the western architecture and chinese classical gardens. after itscompletion, it was the crown of the hundred imperial palace of beijing. it isthe essence of the existing art of wang fu in the city of beijing, and it can becalled the pearl of the shichahai. among them, the western gate in the garden,the stele with the word "fu" in yushu, and the indoor theater building are alsoknown as the "three wonders" of prince gong's mansion. some scholars believethat this garden may be the prototype of the grand view garden in a dream of redmansions written by cao xueqin.

wangfu is the largest and best preserved palace of qing dynasty in is located at no.17 qianhai west street, northwest of shichahai. it is now akey cultural relic protection unit in china. prince gong's mansion was built atthe end of the 18th century. in the early period of the reign of emperorqianlong, it was the residence of a bachelor named helian. in the fourth year ofjiaqing (1799 ad), helian was convicted, and the residence was confiscated andgiven to prince qing. in the first year of xianfeng (1851 ad), it was given toprince gong, aixinjueluo?.

in qing dynasty, there were strict regulations in the royal residence,which stipulated that the prince's residence had five main gates, seven mainhalls, five back halls, seven back bedrooms, and a side hall on the left andright. however, many royal palaces have gone through many vicissitudes and havelong been beyond recognition. only prince gong's mansion is the most completeand well decorated qing dynasty royal mansion in beijing. mr. hou renzhi, afamous scholar, called it "a palace of prince gong, half of the history of qingdynasty".

prince gong's residence is divided into three parallel roads, east, middleand west. it is the largest courtyard in the world. the three buildings on themiddle road are the main body of the mansion. the first is the main hall, thesecond is the back hall, and the third is the extension building. the extensionbuilding is 160 meters long from east to west and has more than 40 houses. thereare three courtyards on east road and west road respectively, which echo thebuildings on middle road. the last part of the palace is the garden, with morethan 20 different scenic spots.

the garden of prince gong's mansion has both central axis and symmetry. thewhole garden is divided into middle road, east road and west road, forming anumber of courtyards. on the central axis are yuanmen, feilaifeng, bat pool,anshantang, fangchi, rockery, yuetai, lvtianxiaoyin and bat hall. the buildingson the middle road are basically symmetrical with the mountains and waters,while the east and west roads are only symmetrical with the mountains andbuildings. the whole garden is surrounded by six mountain dragons: two mountainsin the south, east and west, and one mountain in the back of the middleroad.

the east road is mainly built. in the east, there are two mountains runningnorth and south, each turning into a enclosure in the southeast and building is divided into three small courtyards. in the south, it is closeto the east courtyard. looking up, there is an exquisite vertical flower , there is a long and narrow courtyard. bamboo was planted in thecourtyard. the main hall is behind the grand theater, the west chamber is behindthe middle road mingdao hall, the east chamber is a row of wing rooms, and thewest chamber is another long and narrow courtyard. at the entrance of the mooncave gate, he said, "sing the fragrance and drink the moon.". on the north sideis the main building of east road, the grand theater building, which is a smalltheater with an area of 685 square meters. there are front hall, auditorium,stage, acting room, etc. in the theater, the decoration is luxurious, and it isthe viewing place of the palace.

the west road is dominated by mountains and rivers. the beginning of thewest road is from feilai peak to the west, and at the south end is a majesticpass between the two mountains. the name of the pass is yuguan, which is theshanhaiguan pass of the great wall. it is the symbol of the great wall and isknown as the first pass in the world. at that time, the emperor of the qingdynasty entered the pass from then on. setting this pass in the garden is enoughto show that the garden owner does not forget the great achievements of the qingdynasty when he came to the central plains from shanhaiguan. before yuguan,there is dafangchi, the center of the west road. in the southeast corner of thedafangchi, there is a small stream, which is connected with fuhe river in theeast. in the dafangchi, there is a square island with a fish watching platform,which is used to describe zhuangzi's allusion to the joy of watching fish onhaoshang. in the west of the pond is xishan. in front of the pond, there arefive hall houses. the chaoshou corridor in the east is connected with the curvedcorridor in the middle road.

the theme of the garden is obvious. there are some new ideas in mountainenclosure and yuguan xiongshi, but there are many buildings in the east, and theenclosure of curved corridor in the middle is not organic enough, especially thewater management is poor. from the perspective of rockfill, architecture, plantsand pattern, it still has the characteristics of northern garden.

prince gong's residence is located on the north bank of shichahai. it isthe largest courtyard in the world and the most complete one among more than 60qing dynasty palaces in beijing today. it is divided into parallel east, middleand west roads. the three buildings on the middle road are the main body of themansion, one is the main hall, the other is the back hall, and the third is theextension building. yanlou is 160 meters long from east to west and has morethan 40 houses. east road and west road each have three courtyards, which echothe middle road. the last part of the palace is the garden, and more than 20scenic spots are different.

prince gong's residence is the residence of prince gong zhong, the sixthson of emperor daoguang of qing dynasty. it was formerly the residence ofqianlong's bachelor and arsenic. in the fourth year of jiaqing (1799), he wasconvicted, and his residence became an official. emperor jiaqing gave part of itto his younger brother, prince qingfu yongp, as the palace of prince , xianfeng city took back king qing's residence and gave it to his youngerbrother yiyi as prince gong's residence. during the reign of xianfeng andtongzhi, it was renovated and a garden was built behind the mansion.

because prince gong's mansion has some scenery described in a dream of redmansions, it is said that the garden of prince gong's mansion is the blueprintof grand view garden. however, many people put forward different opinions.

yi chu, the owner of the palace, is a first-class aristocrat. therefore,his mansion is not only spacious, but also has the highest standard ofarchitecture, which shows its insurmountable level. the obvious signs are thefacade and the number of houses. there are five front rooms, seven main rooms,five back rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room. there must be no more royalmansions than these. the form of the house and the color of the tiles cannot bereplaced.

the former owner of prince gong's mansion was prime minister hekun. theqingyi hall he built imitated the emperor's ningshou palace. when the emperor"bestowed a gift and ordered him to commit suicide", this was one of thecrimes.

the building of prince gong's mansion can be divided into two parts: themansion and the garden. covering an area of 46.5 mu, the mansion is divided intothree roads, east and west, each of which is composed of multi entrancequadrangles, surrounded by a two-story back cover building with a length of morethan 160 meters. at the back of the building is a garden, covering an area of38.6 mu. the buildings in the garden also form three roads, i.e. the east-westroad, the east-west road, the east-west road, the east-west road, the east-westroad, the east-west road, the east-west road, the east-west road, the west-westroad, the west-west road, the west.

in the front of the middle road are the gate with 3 rooms in width and thetwo gates with 5 rooms in width. in the gate, the original main hall, yin'anhall, has been destroyed, and the existing rear hall, namely jiale hall; theeast road is composed of three entrance courtyard, which is the living room ofprince gong yizhe; the main room of the west road is xijinzhai, which has agrand courtyard and a grand style. after the third road courtyard, there aremore than 40 two-story back buildings with a length of 160 meters from east towest, namely zhanwu building in the east and baoyue building in the west. thegarden behind the building is pingjin garden, commonly known as gongwangfugarden, covering an area of 28000 square meters. the buildings in the park aredivided into three roads: the middle east, the middle east and the west, andthere are also some axes. there are scattered rockeries, pavilions andpavilions, and flowers and trees in the pool. the main buildings are scorpionhall, inviting platform, grand stage, qinqiu pavilion, etc.

北京恭王府解說詞篇七

各位游客：

你們好，歡迎你們來到北京旅游，我是你們的導(dǎo)游。

恭王府花園為位于恭王府后的一獨具特色的花園，又名萃錦園，位于柳蔭街甲14號，建于1777年，據(jù)考證是在明代舊園上重修的。全園占地面積2.8萬平方米，有古建筑31處。恭親王為重建花園調(diào)集百名能工巧匠，增置山石林木，彩畫斑斕，融江南園林藝術(shù)與北方建筑格局為一體，匯西洋建筑及中國古典園林建筑為一園，建成后曾為京師百座王府之冠，是北京現(xiàn)存王府園林藝術(shù)的精華所在，堪稱"什剎海的明珠"。其中園中的西洋門、御書"福"字碑、室內(nèi)大戲樓并稱恭王府"三絕"。某些紅學(xué)家認(rèn)為此園可能是曹雪芹筆下《紅樓夢》中大觀園的原型。

王府是北京規(guī)模最大、保存最完整的清代王府，位于什剎海西北角，前海西街17號，現(xiàn)為全國重點文物保護單位。恭王府始建于十八世紀(jì)末，早期為乾隆年間大學(xué)士和珅宅第，嘉慶四年(公元1799年)和珅獲罪，宅第被沒收賜與慶郡王，咸豐元年 (公元1851年)改賜給恭親王愛新覺羅·奕?。

清代王府有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)制，規(guī)定親王府有大門五間，正殿七間，后殿五間，后寢七間，左右有配殿，形成多進四合院，不少府邸有后花園。但許多王府經(jīng)歷滄桑，早已面目全非，只有恭王府是北京現(xiàn)存最完整、布置最精的一座清代王府。著名學(xué)者侯仁之先生稱之為"一座恭王府，半部清代史"。

恭王府分為平行的東、中、西三路，是世界最大的四合院。中路的三座建筑是府邸的主體，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延樓，延樓東西長一百六十米，有四十余間房屋。東路和西路各有三個院落，和中路建筑遙相呼應(yīng)。王府的最后部分是花園，二十多個景區(qū)各不相同。

恭王府花園在造園手法上既有中軸線，也有對稱手法。全園分為中路、東路、西路三路，成多個院落。中軸上依次是園門、飛來峰、蝠池、安善堂、方池、假山、邀月臺、綠天小隱、蝠廳。中路建筑和山水基本對稱，東、西兩路只是山體對稱，建筑不對稱。整個園林由六條山龍圍合:南面、東面、西面各有兩山，中路后部有一山為中龍。

東路以建筑為主。東有兩山南北奔趨，兩山各在東南和東北轉(zhuǎn)折成圍合狀。建筑分三個小院。，南面靠東院入，抬頭是一精致垂花門，入內(nèi)為狹長院落，院內(nèi)當(dāng)年種竹，正廳為大戲樓之后部，西廂為中路明道堂之后卷，東廂為一排廂房，院西為另一個狹長院落。入口月洞門，曰:吟香醉月。北面是東路的主體建筑大戲樓，戲樓自成一個小院，面積達685平方米，院內(nèi)有前廳、觀眾廳、舞臺、扮戲房等，廳內(nèi)裝飾豪華，是王府的觀戲處。

西路以山水為主。西路的起始部分從飛來峰西走，在南端是兩山之間的一個雄關(guān)。關(guān)名曰:榆關(guān)，榆關(guān)即長城的山海關(guān)，是長城的象征，素有天下第一關(guān)之美稱，當(dāng)年，清代皇帝就是從此入關(guān)，在園中設(shè)此關(guān)足以表示園主不忘記清祖從山海關(guān)入主中原的豐功偉績。榆關(guān)之前是西路的中心大方池，方池東南角出細(xì)流折東與福河相連，大方池之中有一個方形小島，島上是觀魚臺，以此來喻莊子濠上觀魚之樂的典故;池西是西山;池前有五間堂屋。東出抄手廊與中路滴翠巖的曲廊相接。

全園以福字貫穿，表明主題明顯。山勢圍合有新意，榆關(guān)雄峙也有新意，但東部建筑較多，中部曲廊的圍合也不夠有機，特別是理水較差。從堆石、建筑、植物、格局上看仍有北方園林特點。

恭王府位于什剎海北岸的恭王府是世界最大的四合院，也是今日北京城里，60余座清代王府中保存最完整的一個。分為平行的東、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主體，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延樓。延樓東西長160米，有40余間房屋。東路和西路各有3個院落，和中路遙相呼應(yīng)。王府的最后部分是花園，20多個景區(qū)各不相同。

恭王府是清道光帝第六子恭忠親王府第。前身為乾隆時大學(xué)士和砷的邸宅。嘉慶四年(1799年)和砷獲罪，邸宅入官，嘉慶帝將其一部分賜給其弟慶僖親王永磷，是為慶王府。以后咸豐市將慶王府收回，轉(zhuǎn)賜其弟奕沂，是為恭王府。咸豐、同治年間曾整修，并在府后添建花園。

由于恭王府有著某些《紅樓夢》中所描繪的景物，因此有人說恭王府花園是大觀園的藍本。但是，許多人又提出了不同的意見。

王府的主人奕訴，是一等貴族，所以他的府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑也是最高格制，顯示其不可逾越的等級，明顯的標(biāo)志是門臉和房屋數(shù)量。親王府有門臉5間，正殿7間，后殿5間，后寢7間，左右有配殿。低于親王等級的王公府邸決不能多于這些數(shù)字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的顏色也是不能替越的。

恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建的慶頤堂模仿了皇帝的寧壽宮，皇帝“加恩賜令自盡”時，這就是其中的一條罪狀。

恭王府的建筑，可分為府邸和花園兩部分。府邸占地46.5畝，分為中東西三路，各由多進四合院組成，后面環(huán)抱著長160余米的通脊二層后罩樓。樓后為花園，占地38.6畝，園內(nèi)建筑也約略形成中東西三路，園中散置了疊石假山，曲廊亭榭，池塘花木。

中路前部是面闊3間的大門和面闊5間的二門，門里原有正殿銀安殿，已毀，現(xiàn)存后殿，即嘉樂堂;東路由三進四合院組成，是恭親王奕折的起居生活用房;西路正房為錫晉齋，院宇宏大，廊點周接，氣派非凡。在三路院落之后，環(huán)抱東西長160米的40余間兩層后樓，東邊名瞻霧樓，西邊名寶約樓。樓后即花園--蘋錦園，俗稱恭王府花園，占地2.8萬平方米。園內(nèi)建筑分中東酉三路，也有約略的軸線，散置疊石假山、曲廊亭榭、水池花木。主要建筑有蝎殿、邀月臺、大戲臺、沁秋亭等。

北京恭王府解說詞篇八

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恭王府位于北京市西城區(qū)前海西街，是清代規(guī)模最大的一座王府，先后作為大貪官和珅、慶親王永璘的宅邸，后被賜予恭親王奕欣，由此得名恭王府，并沿用至今。恭王府歷經(jīng)了清王朝由鼎盛至衰亡的歷史進程，故有“一座恭王府，半部清代史”的說法。

“月牙河繞宅如龍蟠，西山遠望如虎踞”，這是史書上對恭王府的描述。就其選址而言，它占據(jù)京城絕佳的位置。古人修宅建園很注重風(fēng)水，北京據(jù)說有兩條龍脈，一是土龍，即故宮的龍脈;二是水龍，指后海和北海一線，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之間的連接線上，即龍脈上，因此風(fēng)水非常的好。古人以水為財，在恭王府內(nèi)“處處見水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是從玉泉湖引進來的，而且只內(nèi)入不外流，因此更符合風(fēng)水學(xué)斂財?shù)恼f法。我國十大元帥和郭沫若等人、均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常長壽。據(jù)說，北京長壽老人最多的地方就是在恭王府附近，這個地方真是一塊風(fēng)水寶地。

恭王府由府邸和花園兩部分組成，南北長約330米，東西寬180余米，占地面積約61120平方米，其中府邸占地32260平方米，花園占地28860平方米。府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑也是最高規(guī)制。明顯的標(biāo)志是門臉和房屋數(shù)量。親王府有門臉五間，正殿七間，后殿五間，后寢七間，左右有配殿。低于親王等級的王公府邸決不能多于這些數(shù)字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的顏色也是不能逾制的。恭王府的中、東、西三路各有三個院落，其中每一路的后兩個院子是人們要游覽的主要區(qū)域。

府邸建筑分東、中、西三路，每路由南自北都是以嚴(yán)格的中軸線貫穿著的多進四合院落組成。

中路最主要的建筑是銀安殿和嘉樂堂，殿堂屋頂采用綠琉璃瓦，顯示了中路的威嚴(yán)氣派，同時也是親王身份的體現(xiàn)。東路的前院正房名為多福軒，廳前有一架長了兩百多年的藤蘿，至今仍長勢甚好，在京城極為罕見。東路的后進院落正房名為“樂道堂”，是當(dāng)年恭親王奕欣的起居處。西路的四合院落較為小巧精致，主體建筑為葆光室和錫晉齋。精品之作當(dāng)屬高大氣派的錫晉齋，大廳內(nèi)有雕飾精美的楠木隔段，為和珅仿紫禁城寧壽宮式樣(此為和珅僭侈逾制，是其被賜死的“二十大罪”之一)。府邸最深處橫有一座兩層的后罩樓，東西長達156米，后墻共開88扇窗戶，內(nèi)有108間房，俗稱“99間半”，取道教“屆滿即盈”之意。

名為“朗潤園或萃錦園”，俗稱恭王府花園，徜徉于園中猶如漫步在山水之間。與府邸相呼應(yīng)，花園也分為東中西三路。中路以一座西洋建筑風(fēng)格的漢白玉拱形石門為入口，以康熙皇帝御書“福”字碑為中心，前有獨樂峰、蝠池，后有綠天小隱、蝠廳，布局令人回味無窮。東路的大戲樓廳內(nèi)裝飾清新秀麗，纏枝藤蘿紫花盛開，使人恍如在藤蘿架下觀戲。戲樓南端的明道齋與曲徑通幽、垂青樾、吟香醉月、流杯亭等五景構(gòu)成園中之園�；▓@內(nèi)古木參天，怪石林立，環(huán)山銜水，亭臺樓榭，廊回路轉(zhuǎn)。月色下的花園景致更是千變?nèi)f化，別有一番洞天。諸多中外游客慕名而至，尋覓著翠山碧水、曲徑幽臺在訴說的如煙往事。

恭王府位于前海西街，建于1776—1785年，原為清代乾隆寵臣和珅的私宅，和珅因貪污罪于嘉慶年間被抄家處死后，此處私宅便贈給了慶王。同治朝時，由于恭親王奕忻協(xié)同慈禧發(fā)動政變有功，慈禧太后便將此宅贈予他，而成為恭親王府。

俗呼銀鑾殿，恭王府最主要的建筑。作為王府的正殿，只有逢重大事件、重要節(jié)日時方打開，起到禮儀的作用。民國初年，由于不慎失火，大殿連同東西配殿一并焚毀，現(xiàn)銀安殿院落為復(fù)建。

和珅時期之建筑。懸掛有“嘉樂堂”匾額一方。該匾疑是乾隆帝賜給和珅的，但匾額無署款，無鈐記，故無由證實，但和珅留有《嘉樂堂詩集》，說明是和珅之室名。在恭親王時期，嘉樂堂主要作為王府的祭祀場所，內(nèi)供有祖先、諸神等的牌位，以薩滿教儀式為主。恭王府規(guī)模宏大，占地約6萬平方米，分為府邸和花園兩部分，擁有各式建筑群落30多處，布局講究，氣派非凡。其花園又名錦翠園，園內(nèi)布局、設(shè)計具有較高的藝術(shù)水平。造園模仿皇宮內(nèi)的寧壽宮。全園以“山”字型假山拱抱，東、南、西面均堆土累石為山，中路又以房山石堆砌洞壑，手法頗高。山頂平臺，成為全園最高點。居高臨下，可觀全園景色。恭王府由于是在權(quán)臣和珅邸宅的基礎(chǔ)上改建而成，和珅當(dāng)年定罪的二十大罪狀中就有關(guān)于內(nèi)檐裝修的“潛侈逾制”問題，如其中的第十三款“查得和珅房屋竟有楠木廳堂，其多寶格及隔斷門窗解仿照寧壽宮制度”。因此恭王府的內(nèi)檐裝修在王府文化中別具一格，其所表現(xiàn)的特點尤為突出：

一、 規(guī)格最高，可與宮殿建筑比美：

恭王府幾座主要廳堂的內(nèi)檐裝修不僅是多寶格、隔斷，還可舉出仙樓、神殿帶毗盧帽的祭灶等裝修也與宮廷中別無二制。并有室內(nèi)假山水池，裝修成室內(nèi)小園林，更是別出心裁。

二、 數(shù)量較多，形式多樣：

從樣式雷圖中可以看到當(dāng)年有內(nèi)檐裝修的建筑多達二十余處，而且具有多種類型，如太師壁、寶座床、碧紗櫥、祭灶、萬字炕、幾腿罩、落地罩、炕罩、真假門、仙樓、書閣、多寶格、順山炕、前、后檐炕等。

三、 界劃靈活，空間豐富：

恭王府內(nèi)各廳堂的空間根據(jù)使用功能劃分，格局多樣，其主要廳堂既有肅穆、莊嚴(yán)的開敞式大空間，又有私密性的小空間，既有對稱式的，也有非對稱式的，還有可以靈活組合的。有的適合接待高級賓客，有的用于薩滿教的祭祀活動，有的適合起居生活，有的作為寢息，不同的空間需求各得其所。

四、 做工精細(xì)，技巧高超：

從恭王府的裝修遺留物件中可知皆使用硬木，用材異常講究，加工的木料可以作出細(xì)小的截面，雕刻花紋起伏精確，而且使用圓形或曲線拼出各種華格，只有在精細(xì)的加工之基礎(chǔ)上才能完成，施工難度之大，令人嘆為觀止。遺憾的是恭王府的原有內(nèi)檐裝修，絕大部分已經(jīng)無存，今天通過研究王府文化，要進一步將其發(fā)掘出來，結(jié)合今后的王府博物館展示要求，再現(xiàn)當(dāng)年輝煌。

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅開始在這東依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪華宅第，時稱“和第”。有說法稱、明弘治年間、大太監(jiān)李廣也曾經(jīng)置第于此。嘉慶四年正月初三太上皇弘歷歸天，次日嘉慶褫奪了和珅軍機大臣、九門提督兩職，抄了其家，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩，相當(dāng)于清政府十五年的財政收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法。同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“賜令自盡”。而宅子本身，則如愿歸“愛豪宅不愛江山”的胞弟慶僖親王永璘所有。

與此同時，嫁予和珅之子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸豐元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭親王奕?成為這所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今�！耙蛔�恭王府，半部清朝史”是歷史地理學(xué)家侯仁之對恭王府的評價。民國初年，這座王府被恭親王的孫子溥偉以40萬塊大洋賣給教會，后由輔仁大學(xué)用108根金條贖回，并用作女生學(xué)堂。新中國成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、風(fēng)機廠、音樂學(xué)院等多家單位使用過。

恭王府是我國保存最為完整的王府建筑群，分為府邸和花園兩部分，府在前，園在后。恭王府的開放，早在30年前，就被提上議事日程。1975年，周總理在病床上，以3件未做完的事情托付谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的開放問題。

恭王府始建于清乾隆年間，初為大學(xué)士和珅的私邸。

同治初年，這里的第三代主人恭親王奕欣，身兼議政王、軍機領(lǐng)班大臣等要職，重權(quán)在握，顯赫一時，乃大筑邸園，同時也對府邸部分進行了修繕與改建。我們看到的恭王府的建筑規(guī)模與格局，就是在那個時候最后形成的。

恭王府前半部是富麗堂皇的府邸，后半部為幽深秀麗的古典園林，總占地面積將近六萬平方米。其府邸建筑莊重肅穆，尚樸去華，明廊通脊，氣宇軒昂，僅次于帝王居住的宮室。府后的萃錦園則銜水環(huán)山，古樹參天，曲廊亭榭，富麗天然;其間景致之變化無常，開合有致，實為中國園林建筑的典范。

根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的文獻記載，在這塊位于京城前海西岸，被"蟠龍水"環(huán)抱著的風(fēng)水寶地上，元、明兩朝曾經(jīng)有過一座規(guī)模宏大的寺院，香火旺盛，游人如織，就連皇帝也來此禮佛上香。大約十六世紀(jì)中葉，該寺院才逐漸荒廢，淪落為明朝廷的供應(yīng)廠;清朝入主北京以后，在這里建造大小不等的院落若干，供內(nèi)務(wù)府等普通旗人居住。

乾隆四十年前后，在皇帝面前紅得發(fā)紫的和珅，相中了這塊四周縈水，遙接西山，而且又離“皇上家”不遠的風(fēng)水寶地，遂以高價購買下這里的多處房產(chǎn)，建造成大名鼎鼎的“和第”。

恭王府之被稱“半部清朝史”，是和居住在這里的三代主人密切相關(guān)的。盡人皆知，第一代府主和珅，是乾隆晚期的宰輔、大學(xué)士，又是歷史上赫赫有名的貪官，在清史中十分惹人注目，有關(guān)他的傳說也因此多不勝數(shù)。特別是他的兒子豐紳殷德，后來娶了乾隆皇帝的小女兒固倫和孝公主為妻，使這座豪宅一時成為了實際上的公主府……

嘉慶四年，和珅因罪賜死，嘉慶皇帝遂將這座宅第轉(zhuǎn)賜給他的小弟弟慶郡王永璘。永璘大概算得上歷代主人里最為鐘愛這座豪宅的人。早在和珅當(dāng)?shù)罆r，乾隆的諸位皇子便湊在一起商訂，將來不管誰當(dāng)了皇帝，都要“辦”掉和珅，惟十七皇子永璘說：“將來不論哪位哥哥當(dāng)上皇帝，只要把和珅的這座豪宅賞給我，我就知足!”

說到永璘，或者許多人都不太熟悉，但若提起他的孫子，那個與李鴻章一起同八國聯(lián)軍簽訂《辛丑條約》的慶親王奕劻，恐怕又是無人不曉了。奕劻也是中國近代史上著名的貪官，但與清末那一群懦庸無能的王公貝勒相比，他總還算是一個敢于負(fù)責(zé)，能夠委以重任的人。因此，從同治朝起，奕劻便得到慈禧太后的寵信。在咸豐將府邸改賜恭親王之前，他一直以輔國將軍的身份在此居住。

至于說恭親王奕欣，那更是中國近代史上最重要的政治人物之一，他參與了第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以及其后(1853-1898年之間)的幾乎全部重大政治活動，"辛酉政變"時，就是他把慈禧扶上了"垂簾聽政"的寶座……毫不夸張地說，如果沒有奕欣，整部中國近代史，乃至后來的中國歷史就會改寫。

如果說世間萬物都有靈性，那么這座被"蟠龍水"包圍著的明珠一般美麗的建筑，自從它誕生的那一天起，就注定是一個充滿著憂傷氣質(zhì)，命運多舛的苦命宅園。

嘉慶四年(1799年)，和珅被處死之后，嘉慶帝即將這座豪宅的西半部，賜給了他那個只要和珅府不要皇帝位的十七弟永璘。之所以只給他一半，是因為當(dāng)時，乾隆皇帝的十公主及其額駙豐紳殷德還住在那里。

和孝公主，是整部清朝歷史中最具傳奇色彩的公主，其生母為乾隆皇帝晚年的寵妃汪氏。乾隆四十年正月，當(dāng)這位性情、外貌全都酷肖其父的"最幼女"來到世界時，皇帝已然是六十五歲高齡的老人。十公主雖身為女子，但天生神力，能開十個勁的硬弓，時常陪著父皇騎馬打獵，乾隆因此愛她勝過所有的子女，他不只一次嘆息："你要是個阿哥，這個皇位將來非你莫屬啊!"的確，十公主非但武功卓絕，而且胸襟非凡，當(dāng)和珅春風(fēng)得意時，駙馬倚仗其父權(quán)勢行為嬌縱，公主就曾經(jīng)嚴(yán)肅地訓(xùn)斥他："你阿瑪受我父皇厚恩，不思回報，卻只知納賄。我都替你們擔(dān)憂啊，到了身家不保的那一天，連我也要受到你們牽累!"

十公主的話，雖不幸言中，但嘉慶皇帝最終還是念著兄妹之情，沒有剝奪他這個小妹夫的爵位，公主夫婦也仍然住在原來的家里。這座宅第也就因此一分為二，西為慶王府;東為公主府，一直到道光三年(1820__年)九月，十公主去世，整座府邸才全部歸到慶王名下，而那時，永璘已經(jīng)死去三年多了……

辛亥以后，按照民國政府優(yōu)待清室條例的規(guī)定，王府成了府主人的私產(chǎn)。后因政局動蕩，生計艱危，未世王孫們紛紛賣掉府第，以圖生存。恭王府當(dāng)然也同北京的其他王府一樣，沒能逃脫可悲的蛻變與分割。

1920__年，小恭王溥偉為籌集復(fù)辟經(jīng)費，將恭王府府邸部分的"龍票"，以八萬銀元的價格低押給北京天主教會的西什庫教堂。十幾年后，利上加利，原先八萬銀元的抵押款，滾到了近二十萬，窮途末路的溥偉早已無力償還這筆巨款債務(wù)了。1932年，由羅馬教會興辦的輔仁大學(xué)，以教會之間的關(guān)系，用一百零八根金條代償了這筆貸款，產(chǎn)權(quán)遂歸這所大學(xué)。1937年，輔仁大學(xué)因擴充女生宿舍，收回房產(chǎn)，將府邸部分作為女院，并把后罩樓通向萃錦園的通道砌死，這樣，府邸與花園就開始分開了。同年，原先居住在邸園中的溥偉二弟溥儒，又以十萬銀元的價格將花園也賣給了輔仁大學(xué)。

1949年，恭王府花園改為某國家機關(guān)宿舍;府邸為藝術(shù)師范學(xué)院、中國音樂學(xué)院及文化部藝術(shù)研究院等單位使用。1952年，中國音樂學(xué)院拆府前部一進四合院，蓋起一座"現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格"的食堂;1959年，又拆掉了原府邸大門外的所有房屋，建筑起一座曲尺形的琴樓和一座一字形的畫樓。"_"期間，廠橋空調(diào)器廠占用了大戲樓等花園東部的"半壁江山";國管局幼兒園則占據(jù)西路建筑。由于不合理使用與地震的破壞，到七十年代中晚期，花園的部分游廊和府邸東路南部一進院落的正房及東西廂房先后倒塌，其他建筑也都遭到不同程度的損毀，但所幸王府總體格局未遭破壞。

恭王府——世界最大的四合院，除皇帝和家眷外，任何人是不得住進紫禁城的。因此皇親國戚們都要建造自己的宅弟，以為家居之所。于是，王府便產(chǎn)生了。今日的北京城里，還有60余座清代王府，其中恭王府是保存最完整的一個。

北京的清代王府都分布在內(nèi)城區(qū)里，這和清代北京城的居住限制密切相關(guān)。城墻未拆除以前，北京城的格局是大“口”里面包小“口”，最中心的是故宮，外面的第二層是皇城，為政府衙門，第三層是內(nèi)城，為清代八旗王公貴族集中居住的地方;最外面的第四層，才是漢人和其他民族的集中居住地。今天在北京內(nèi)城漫步，還能時時看見深宅大院。

位于什剎海北岸的恭王府分為平行的東、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主體，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延樓，延樓東西長160米，有40余間房屋。東路和西路各有3個院落，和中路建筑遙相呼應(yīng)。王府的最后部分是花園，20多個景區(qū)各不相同。

大觀園是中國古典文學(xué)名著《紅樓夢》里描繪的一大園林。《紅樓夢》成書于北京，有中國封建社會秘史之稱。根據(jù)書中的描寫，人們在北京西南角建起了一座園林。這處取名大觀園的新園是今日北京的一大勝景，每天游人不斷。

由于恭王府有著《紅樓夢》中所描繪的某些景物，因此有人說恭王府花園是大觀園的藍本。但是，許多人又提出了不同的意見。恭王府到底是不是大觀園的藍本呢?這可能也是一個永遠的秘密了。

恭王府的主人，是一等貴族，所以他的府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑也是最高格制。明顯的標(biāo)志是門臉和房屋數(shù)量。親王府有門臉5間正殿7間，后殿5間，后寢7間，左右有配殿。低于親王等級的王公府邸決不能多于這些數(shù)字。

如果你看到深宅大院的門口聳立著石獅，你馬上就可以判定大院的主人是不低于五品的-;如果你再仔細(xì)數(shù)一數(shù)石獅頭上的卷毛疙瘩，你就會進一步認(rèn)定品極;皇帝門口的石獅上有13排疙瘩，親王12排，爵位越低，數(shù)量遞減。

房屋的形式、屋瓦的顏色也是不能替越的。恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建了慶頤堂，模仿了皇帝的寧壽宮�；实邸凹佣髻n令自盡”時，這是其中的一條罪狀。

北京恭王府解說詞篇九

各位游客大家好!

恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和珅的家，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀，抄了他的家充公，恭王府導(dǎo)游詞。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅奕讠斤，所以稱為恭親王府。

北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線，二是護城河。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處。和珅曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局，卻還要龍尾行大事�！甭犅�，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一貪”!

恭親王府內(nèi)，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和珅想讓自己很幸福，便取“�！钡闹C音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

進門后，首先映入眼簾的，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹，榆樹的果、葉形似銅錢，每當(dāng)銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時，和珅就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的‘聚寶盆’，地上的錢也是流入我和珅的囊袋中�！边@話可真不假!

我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門，色彩鮮艷，做工精細(xì)。據(jù)說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的。

進了西洋門，繞過“送子觀音”石雕，便是和珅家的戲園了。戲園前是一片花園，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒�！董h(huán)珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戲臺了。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和珅等權(quán)貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了。

穿過雕刻精細(xì)的朱欄長廊，便來到了和珅的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環(huán)合，清幽寧靜。整個恭親王府，就它不是用石磚砌的。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏涼，和珅最愛待在這里了。

出書齋，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和珅會客的地方。要上正殿，有一條很特別的路，只有一節(jié)階梯，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和珅說過他這一世，只有年少時吃過苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，萬人之上”的權(quán)勢顛峰。我們可以跨過最底下的一節(jié)階梯，免吃一點苦，直接“平步青云”。

有這樣一個故事：當(dāng)年孝莊太后年老病重之時，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝，心情極其郁悶。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準(zhǔn)備好紙筆，大筆一揮，寫了一個 “福”字。寫完之后，玄燁和蘇麻喇姑看著那個“�！弊煮@呆了——那個字蒼勁有力，十分瀟灑。細(xì)一看，竟看見了多個詞組：多田，多子，多才，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意，便命人把這個“�！弊滞卦谝粔K巨石上。結(jié)果，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復(fù)了!康熙帝大喜，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛。

只可惜傳到乾隆手中，就被別人偷出了皇宮。這個人就是和珅�，F(xiàn)在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下，只露出寫有“�！弊值囊幻�。這個“�！北闶枪вH王府的第一萬個福，寓意“萬�！�。和珅還神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’，我是‘萬�！�!”后來，嘉慶帝抄他家時，本想把福石搬回皇宮，可還是沒有搬成。和珅太狡猾了，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“�！弊肿笥腋髌隽艘粭l龍，寓意“龍坐江山”，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”，便把福石留了下來。

恭王府概述

親愛的朋友，歡迎您使用古游網(wǎng)的導(dǎo)游服務(wù)：

王府文化是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分，是連接宮廷文化和平民文化的橋梁，位于北京西城區(qū)前海西街的恭王府，是中國現(xiàn)存王府中保存最完整的清代王府，是全國重點文物保護單位，它代表著中國的王府文化。

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅開始在這東依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪華宅第，時稱“和第”。有說法稱、明弘治年間、大太監(jiān)李廣也曾經(jīng)置第于此。嘉慶四年正月初三，太上皇弘歷歸天，次日嘉慶皇帝就褫奪了和珅軍機大臣和九門提督兩職，抄了其全家，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩，相當(dāng)于國庫十幾年的總收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法，同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“賜令自盡”。而宅子本身，則歸了“愛豪宅不愛江山”的嘉慶胞弟慶僖親王永璘所有。與此同時，嫁給和珅兒子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸豐元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭親王奕?成為這所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今。 “一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是歷史地理學(xué)家侯仁之對恭王府的評價。民國初年，這座王府被恭親王的孫子溥偉以40萬塊大洋賣給教會，后由輔仁大學(xué)用108根金條贖回，并用作女生學(xué)堂。新中國成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、風(fēng)機廠、音樂學(xué)院等多家單位使用過。

“月牙河繞宅如龍蟠，西山遠望如虎踞”，這是史書上對恭王府的描述。就其選址而言，它占據(jù)京城絕佳的位置。古人修宅建園很注重風(fēng)水，北京據(jù)說有兩條龍脈，一是土龍，即故宮的龍脈;二是水龍，指后海和北海一線，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之間的連接線上，即龍脈上，因此風(fēng)水非常的好。古人以水為財，在恭王府內(nèi)“處處見水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是從玉泉湖引進來的，而且只內(nèi)入不外流，因此更符合風(fēng)水學(xué)聚財?shù)恼f法。新中國十大元帥和郭沫若等人，均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常長壽。據(jù)說，北京長壽老人最多的地方就是恭王府附近，這個地方是一塊風(fēng)水寶地。

恭王府是我國保存最為完整的王府建筑群，分為府邸和花園兩部分，府在前，園在后。恭王府的開放，早在30年前，就被提上議事日程。1975年，周總理在病床上，將三件未做完的事情托付給谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的開放問題。

王府占地約3.1萬平方米，分為中、東、西三路建筑，由嚴(yán)格的軸線貫穿著的、多進四合院落組成。王府有門臉五間，正殿七間，后殿五間，后寢殿七間，左右有配殿。府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑規(guī)模也是王府中最高的。恭王府的中、東、西三路各有三個院落，其中每一路的后兩個院子是我們要游覽的主要區(qū)域。

現(xiàn)在就請您跟隨我們的講解，游覽一下這歷盡蒼桑、重現(xiàn)世人的恭王府吧。

門外院落

首先給您介紹一下王府主體院落之外的部分。在府邸大門外并列有東西兩組院落。

西側(cè)一組院落在三間正門兩側(cè)開有兩座罩子門通向東、西兩路院落，門的前方縱列著四排房屋，每排房屋當(dāng)中各有一座阿思門，東邊的阿思門外有一座影壁。

西側(cè)院落南邊沿圍墻有兩排倒座房，是王府的辦事機構(gòu)用房：前排東側(cè)為回事處、隨侍處，中間為管事處，西側(cè)為佐領(lǐng)處、檔子房、管領(lǐng)處、莊園處、置辦處等，后排為糧倉房;兩排倒座之間有東房一排，為裁房、廚房、水屋等。

東側(cè)一組院落中南邊沿圍墻也有一排倒座房，為王府的兵房，駐有護衛(wèi)王府的旗兵十余名;北邊有一組四合院落，據(jù)說載瀅回府時在此居住。

當(dāng)時王府的總出入門就開在東側(cè)院落的東墻上。

好了，下面我們將按照由中路入東路，轉(zhuǎn)中路進西路最后到達后罩樓的順序帶領(lǐng)您轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)這重新修繕的恭王府。

正門

中路有正門兩重，均朝南�，F(xiàn)在您要走入的是恭王府府邸的正門，大門面闊三開間，外置石獅子一對，石獅頭上的卷毛疙瘩有12排，代表親王的爵位。

經(jīng)過這中路的第一個小院，接下來您還需走過這面闊5間的二門，才能進入王府的中心區(qū)域。二門內(nèi)是正殿及東西配殿，其后為后殿及東西配殿。

向里走您馬上會看到的是修復(fù)后的銀安殿。

銀安殿

銀安殿俗呼銀鑾殿，是恭王府最主要的建筑。它作為王府的正殿，只有逢重大事件、重要節(jié)日時方打開，起到禮儀的作用。民國初年，由于不慎失火，大殿連同東西配殿一并焚毀�，F(xiàn)在經(jīng)過修復(fù)，雖不能與原來的完全一樣，但還是能讓您體會到它的宏偉與莊重，感受到它的神韻。

現(xiàn)在讓我們先去游覽一下東路的主要建筑。下一個景點是多福軒。

05多福軒

多福軒采用小五架梁式的明代建筑風(fēng)格。這里是奕?的會客處，保存著一些漂亮的鳳凰彩繪，因其內(nèi)部懸掛許多“福壽匾”而得名。多福軒內(nèi)6個書架4個多寶格每個都是4米多高，全是用楠木復(fù)原的。

軒前院子內(nèi)有古藤蘿一架，被稱為“藤瑩架”，據(jù)考已生長200多年，在北京是不多見的。因此這個院子又被稱為“藤蘿院”。

繞過多福軒，您將進入東路的最后一個院子，看到后院的正廳樂道堂。

樂道堂及嘉樂堂

這里恭親王奕忻起居的地方。奕?為皇子時，道光帝曾賜“樂道堂”匾額一方，此堂因此得名。

東路游覽完了，現(xiàn)在請您向西走，去參觀中路后院的嘉樂堂。

嘉樂堂五開間、硬山頂、前出廊，是和珅時期的建筑，懸掛“嘉樂堂”匾額一方。該匾疑是乾隆帝賜給和珅的，但匾額無署款，無鈐記，故無從證實。在恭親王時期，嘉樂堂主要作為王府的祭祀場所，內(nèi)供有祖先、諸神等的牌位，以薩滿教儀式為主。這就印證了民間對于王府內(nèi)有座神殿的傳說。

看過了銀安殿和嘉樂堂，想必您已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了，這中軸線上建筑物的屋頂都用綠琉璃瓦、脊吻獸，而配殿屋皆用灰筒瓦。

北京恭王府解說詞篇十

恭王府位于北京市西城區(qū)前海西街，是清代規(guī)模最大的一座王府，先后作為大貪官和珅、慶親王永璘的宅邸，后被賜予恭親王奕欣，由此得名恭王府，并沿用至今。恭王府歷經(jīng)了清王朝由鼎盛至衰亡的歷史進程，故有“一座恭王府，半部清代史”的說法。

“月牙河繞宅如龍蟠，西山遠望如虎踞”，這是史書上對恭王府的描述。就其選址而言，它占據(jù)京城絕佳的位置。古人修宅建園很注重風(fēng)水，北京據(jù)說有兩條龍脈，一是土龍，即故宮的龍脈;二是水龍，指后海和北海一線，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之間的連接線上，即龍脈上，因此風(fēng)水非常的好。古人以水為財，在恭王府內(nèi)“處處見水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是從玉泉湖引進來的，而且只內(nèi)入不外流，因此更符合風(fēng)水學(xué)斂財?shù)恼f法。我國十大元帥和郭沫若等人、均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常長壽。據(jù)說，北京長壽老人最多的地方就是在恭王府附近，這個地方真是一塊風(fēng)水寶地。

恭王府由府邸和花園兩部分組成，南北長約330米，東西寬180余米， 占地面積約61120平方米，其中府邸占地32260平方米，花園占地28860平方米。府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑也是最高規(guī)制。明顯的標(biāo)志是門臉和房屋數(shù)量。親王府有門臉五間，正殿七間，后殿五間，后寢七間，左右有配殿。低于親王等級的王公府邸決不能多于這些數(shù)字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的顏色也是不能逾制的。恭王府的中、東、西三路各有三個院落，其中每一路的后兩個院子是人們要游覽的主要區(qū)域。

府邸建筑分東、中、西三路，每路由南自北都是以嚴(yán)格的中軸線貫穿著的多進四合院落組成。

中路最主要的建筑是銀安殿和嘉樂堂，殿堂屋頂采用綠琉璃瓦，顯示了中路的威嚴(yán)氣派，同時也是親王身份的體現(xiàn)。東路的前院正房名為多福軒，廳前有一架長了兩百多年的藤蘿，至今仍長勢甚好，在京城極為罕見。東路的后進院落正房名為“樂道堂”，是當(dāng)年恭親王奕欣的起居處。西路的四合院落較為小巧精致，主體建筑為葆光室和錫晉齋。精品之作當(dāng)屬高大氣派的錫晉齋，大廳內(nèi)有雕飾精美的楠木隔段，為和珅仿紫禁城寧壽宮式樣(此為和珅僭侈逾制，是其被賜死的“二十大罪”之一)。府邸最深處橫有一座兩層的后罩樓，東西長達156米，后墻共開88扇窗戶，內(nèi)有108間房，俗稱“99間半”，取道教“屆滿即盈”之意。

名為“朗潤園或萃錦園”，俗稱恭王府花園，徜徉于園中猶如漫步在山水之間。與府邸相呼應(yīng)，花園也分為東中西三路。中路以一座西洋建筑風(fēng)格的漢白玉拱形石門為入口，以康熙皇帝御書“福”字碑為中心，前有獨樂峰、蝠池，后有綠天小隱、蝠廳，布局令人回味無窮。東路的大戲樓廳內(nèi)裝飾清新秀麗，纏枝藤蘿紫花盛開，使人恍如在藤蘿架下觀戲。戲樓南端的明道齋與曲徑通幽、垂青樾、吟香醉月、流杯亭等五景構(gòu)成園中之園�；▓@內(nèi)古木參天，怪石林立，環(huán)山銜水，亭臺樓榭，廊回路轉(zhuǎn)。月色下的花園景致更是千變?nèi)f化，別有一番洞天。諸多中外游客慕名而至，尋覓著翠山碧水、曲徑幽臺在訴說的如煙往事。

恭王府位于前海西街，建于1776—1785年，原為清代乾隆寵臣和珅的私宅，和珅因貪污罪于嘉慶年間被抄家處死后，此處私宅便贈給了慶王。同治朝時，由于恭親王奕忻協(xié)同慈禧發(fā)動政變有功，慈禧太后便將此宅贈予他，而成為恭親王府。

俗呼銀鑾殿，恭王府最主要的建筑。作為王府的正殿， 只有逢重大事件、重要節(jié)日時方打開，起到禮儀的作用。民國初年，由于不慎失火，大殿連同東西配殿一并焚毀，現(xiàn)銀安殿院落為復(fù)建。

和珅時期之建筑。懸掛有“嘉樂堂”匾額一方。該匾疑是乾隆帝賜給和珅的，但匾額無署款，無鈐記，故無由證實，但和珅留有《嘉樂堂詩集》，說明是和珅之室名。在恭親王時期，嘉樂堂主要作為王府的祭祀場所，內(nèi)供有祖先、諸神等的牌位，以薩滿教儀式為主。恭王府規(guī)模宏大，占地約6萬平方米，分為府邸和花園兩部分，擁有各式建筑群落30多處，布局講究，氣派非凡。其花園又名錦翠園，園內(nèi)布局、設(shè)計具有較高的藝術(shù)水平。造園模仿皇宮內(nèi)的寧壽宮。全園以“山”字型假山拱抱，東、南、西面均堆土累石為山，中路又以房山石堆砌洞壑，手法頗高。山頂平臺，成為全園最高點。居高臨下，可觀全園景色。恭王府由于是在權(quán)臣和珅邸宅的基礎(chǔ)上改建而成，和珅當(dāng)年定罪的二十大罪狀中就有關(guān)于內(nèi)檐裝修的“潛侈逾制”問題，如其中的第十三款“查得和珅房屋竟有楠木廳堂，其多寶格及隔斷門窗解仿照寧壽宮制度”。因此恭王府的內(nèi) 檐裝修在王府文化中別具一格，其所表現(xiàn)的特點尤為突出：

一、 規(guī)格最高，可與宮殿建筑比美：

恭王府幾座主要廳堂的內(nèi)檐裝修不僅是多寶格、隔斷，還可舉出仙樓、神殿帶毗盧帽的祭灶等裝修也與宮廷中別無二制。并有室內(nèi)假山水池，裝修成室內(nèi)小園林，更是別出心裁。

二、 數(shù)量較多，形式多樣：

從樣式雷圖中可以看到當(dāng)年有內(nèi)檐裝修的建筑多達二十余處，而且具有多種類型，如太師壁、寶座床、碧紗櫥、祭灶、萬字炕、幾腿罩、落地罩、炕罩、真假門、仙樓、書閣、多寶格、順山炕、前、后檐炕等。

三、 界劃靈活，空間豐富：

恭王府內(nèi)各廳堂的空間根據(jù)使用功能劃分，格局多樣，其主要廳堂既有肅穆、莊嚴(yán)的開敞式大空間，又有私密性的小空間，既有對稱式的，也有非對稱式的，還有可以靈活組合的。有的適合接待高級賓客，有的用于薩滿教的祭祀活動，有的適合起居生活，有的作為寢息，不同的空間需求各得其所。

四、 做工精細(xì)，技巧高超：

從恭王府的裝修遺留物件中可知皆使用硬木，用材異常講究，加工的木料可以作出細(xì)小的截面，雕刻花紋起伏精確，而且使用圓形或曲線拼出各種華格，只有在精細(xì)的加工之基礎(chǔ)上才能完成，施工難度之大，令人嘆為觀止。 遺憾的是恭王府的原有內(nèi)檐裝修，絕大部分已經(jīng)無存，今天通過研究王府文化，要進一步將其發(fā)掘出來，結(jié)合今后的王府博物館展示要求，再現(xiàn)當(dāng)年輝煌。

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅開始在這東依前海， 背靠后海的位置修建他的豪華宅第，時稱“和第”。有說法稱、明弘治年間、大太監(jiān)李廣也曾經(jīng)置第于此。嘉慶四年正月初三太上皇弘歷歸天，次日嘉慶褫奪了和珅軍機大臣、九門提督兩職，抄了其家，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩，相當(dāng)于清政府十五年的財政收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法。同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“賜令自盡”。而宅子本身，則如愿歸“愛豪宅不愛江山”的胞弟慶僖親王永璘所有。

與此同時，嫁予和珅之子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸豐元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭親王奕?成為這所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今�！耙蛔�恭王府，半部清朝史”是歷史地理學(xué)家侯仁之對恭王府的評價。民國初年，這座王府被恭親王的孫子溥偉以40萬塊大洋賣給教會，后由輔仁大學(xué)用108根金條贖回，并用作女生學(xué)堂。新中國成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、風(fēng)機廠、音樂學(xué)院等多家單位使用過。

恭王府是我國保存最為完整的王府建筑群，分為府邸和花園兩部分，府在前，園在后。恭王府的開放，早在30年前，就被提上議事日程。1975年，周總理在病床上，以3件未做完的事情托付谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的開放問題。

恭王府始建于清乾隆年間，初為大學(xué)士和珅的私邸。

同治初年，這里的第三代主人恭親王奕欣，身兼議政王、軍機領(lǐng)班大臣等要職，重權(quán)在握，顯赫一時，乃大筑邸園，同時也對府邸部分進行了修繕與改建。我們看到的恭王府的建筑規(guī)模與格局，就是在那個時候最后形成的。

恭王府前半部是富麗堂皇的府邸，后半部為幽深秀麗的古典園林，總占地面積將近六萬平方米。其府邸建筑莊重肅穆，尚樸去華，明廊通脊，氣宇軒昂，僅次于帝王居住的宮室。府后的萃錦園則銜水環(huán)山，古樹參天，曲廊亭榭，富麗天然;其間景致之變化無常，開合有致，實為中國園林建筑的典范。

根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的文獻記載，在這塊位于京城前海西岸，被"蟠龍水"環(huán)抱著的風(fēng)水寶地上，元、明兩朝曾經(jīng)有過一座規(guī)模宏大的寺院，香火旺盛，游人如織，就連皇帝也來此禮佛上香。大約十六世紀(jì)中葉，該寺院才逐漸荒廢，淪落為明朝廷的供應(yīng)廠;清朝入主北京以后，在這里建造大小不等的院落若干，供內(nèi)務(wù)府等普通旗人居住。

乾隆四十年前后，在皇帝面前紅得發(fā)紫的和珅，相中了這塊四周縈水，遙接西山，而且又離“皇上家”不遠的風(fēng)水寶地，遂以高價購買下這里的多處房產(chǎn)，建造成大名鼎鼎的“和第”。

恭王府之被稱“半部清朝史”，是和居住在這里的三代主人密切相關(guān)的。盡人皆知，第一代府主和珅，是乾隆晚期的宰輔、大學(xué)士，又是歷史上赫赫有名的貪官，在清史中十分惹人注目，有關(guān)他的傳說也因此多不勝數(shù)。特別是他的兒子豐紳殷德，后來娶了乾隆皇帝的小女兒固倫和孝公主為妻，使這座豪宅一時成為了實際上的公主府……

嘉慶四年，和珅因罪賜死，嘉慶皇帝遂將這座宅第轉(zhuǎn)賜給他的小弟弟慶郡王永璘。永璘大概算得上歷代主人里最為鐘愛這座豪宅的人。早在和珅當(dāng)?shù)罆r，乾隆的諸位皇子便湊在一起商訂，將來不管誰當(dāng)了皇帝，都要“辦”掉和珅，惟十七皇子永璘說：“將來不論哪位哥哥當(dāng)上皇帝，只要把和珅的這座豪宅賞給我，我就知足!”

說到永璘，或者許多人都不太熟悉，但若提起他的孫子，那個與李鴻章一起同八國聯(lián)軍簽訂《辛丑條約》的慶親王奕劻，恐怕又是無人不曉了。奕劻也是中國近代史上著名的貪官，但與清末那一群懦庸無能的王公貝勒相比，他總還算是一個敢于負(fù)責(zé)，能夠委以重任的人。因此，從同治朝起，奕劻便得到慈禧太后的寵信。在咸豐將府邸改賜恭親王之前，他一直以輔國將軍的身份在此居住。

至于說恭親王奕欣，那更是中國近代史上最重要的政治人物之一，他參與了第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以及其后(1853-1898年之間)的幾乎全部重大政治活動，"辛酉政變"時，就是他把慈禧扶上了"垂簾聽政"的寶座……毫不夸張地說，如果沒有奕欣，整部中國近代史，乃至后來的中國歷史就會改寫。

如果說世間萬物都有靈性，那么這座被"蟠龍水"包圍著的明珠一般美麗的建筑，自從它誕生的那一天起，就注定是一個充滿著憂傷氣質(zhì)，命運多舛的苦命宅園。

嘉慶四年(1799年)，和珅被處死之后，嘉慶帝即將這座豪宅的西半部，賜給了他那個只要和珅府不要皇帝位的十七弟永璘。之所以只給他一半，是因為當(dāng)時，乾隆皇帝的十公主及其額駙豐紳殷德還住在那里。

和孝公主，是整部清朝歷史中最具傳奇色彩的公主，其生母為乾隆皇帝晚年的寵妃汪氏。乾隆四十年正月，當(dāng)這位性情、外貌全都酷肖其父的"最幼女"來到世界時，皇帝已然是六十五歲高齡的老人。十公主雖身為女子，但天生神力，能開十個勁的硬弓，時常陪著父皇騎馬打獵，乾隆因此愛她勝過所有的子女，他不只一次嘆息："你要是個阿哥，這個皇位將來非你莫屬啊!"的確，十公主非但武功卓絕，而且胸襟非凡，當(dāng)和珅春風(fēng)得意時，駙馬倚仗其父權(quán)勢行為嬌縱，公主就曾經(jīng)嚴(yán)肅地訓(xùn)斥他："你阿瑪受我父皇厚恩，不思回報，卻只知納賄。我都替你們擔(dān)憂啊，到了身家不保的那一天，連我也要受到你們牽累!"

十公主的話，雖不幸言中，但嘉慶皇帝最終還是念著兄妹之情，沒有剝奪他這個小妹夫的爵位，公主夫婦也仍然住在原來的家里。這座宅第也就因此一分為二，西為慶王府;東為公主府，一直到道光三年(1820xx年)九月，十公主去世，整座府邸才全部歸到慶王名下，而那時，永璘已經(jīng)死去三年多了……

辛亥以后，按照民國政府優(yōu)待清室條例的規(guī)定，王府成了府主人的私產(chǎn)。后因政局動蕩，生計艱危，未世王孫們紛紛賣掉府第，以圖生存。恭王府當(dāng)然也同北京的其他王府一樣，沒能逃脫可悲的蛻變與分割。

1920xx年，小恭王溥偉為籌集復(fù)辟經(jīng)費，將恭王府府邸部分的"龍票"，以八萬銀元的價格低押給北京天主教會的西什庫教堂。十幾年后，利上加利，原先八萬銀元的抵押款，滾到了近二十萬，窮途末路的溥偉早已無力償還這筆巨款債務(wù)了。1932年，由羅馬教會興辦的輔仁大學(xué)，以教會之間的關(guān)系，用一百零八根金條代償了這筆貸款，產(chǎn)權(quán)遂歸這所大學(xué)。1937年，輔仁大學(xué)因擴充女生宿舍，收回房產(chǎn)，將府邸部分作為女院，并把后罩樓通向萃錦園的通道砌死，這樣，府邸與花園就開始分開了。同年，原先居住在邸園中的溥偉二弟溥儒，又以十萬銀元的價格將花園也賣給了輔仁大學(xué)。

1949年，恭王府花園改為某國家機關(guān)宿舍;府邸為藝術(shù)師范學(xué)院、中國音樂學(xué)院及文化部藝術(shù)研究院等單位使用。1952年，中國音樂學(xué)院拆府前部一進四合院，蓋起一座"現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格"的食堂;1959年，又拆掉了原府邸大門外的所有房屋，建筑起一座曲尺形的琴樓和一座一字形的畫樓。"文革"期間，廠橋空調(diào)器廠占用了大戲樓等花園東部的"半壁江山";國管局幼兒園則占據(jù)西路建筑。由于不合理使用與地震的破壞，到七十年代中晚期，花園的部分游廊和府邸東路南部一進院落的正房及東西廂房先后倒塌，其他建筑也都遭到不同程度的損毀，但所幸王府總體格局未遭破壞。

恭王府——世界最大的四合院，除皇帝和家眷外，任何人是不得住進紫禁城的。因此皇親國戚們都要建造自己的宅弟，以為家居之所。于是，王府便產(chǎn)生了。今日的北京城里，還有60余座清代王府，其中恭王府是保存最完整的一個。

北京的清代王府都分布在內(nèi)城區(qū)里，這和清代北京城的居住限制密切相關(guān)。城墻未拆除以前，北京城的格局是大“口”里面包小“口”，最中心的是故宮，外面的第二層是皇城，為政府衙門，第三層是內(nèi)城，為清代八旗王公貴族集中居住的地方;最外面的第四層，才是漢人和其他民族的集中居住地。今天在北京內(nèi)城漫步，還能時時看見深宅大院。

位于什剎海北岸的恭王府分為平行的東、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主體，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延樓，延樓東西長160米，有40余間房屋。東路和西路各有3個院落，和中路建筑遙相呼應(yīng)。王府的最后部分是花園，20多個景區(qū)各不相同。

大觀園是中國古典文學(xué)名著《紅樓夢》里描繪的一大園林�！都t樓夢》成書于北京，有中國封建社會秘史之稱。根據(jù)書中的描寫，人們在北京西南角建起了一座園林。這處取名大觀園的新園是今日北京的一大勝景，每天游人不斷。

由于恭王府有著《紅樓夢》中所描繪的某些景物，因此 有人說恭王府花園是大觀園的藍本。但是，許多人又提出了不同的意見。恭王府到底是不是大觀園的藍本呢?這可能也是一個永遠的秘密了。

恭王府的主人，是一等貴族，所以他的府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑也是最高格制。明顯的標(biāo)志是門臉和房屋數(shù)量。 親王府有門臉5間正殿7間，后殿5間，后寢7間，左右有配殿。低于親王等級的王公府邸決不能多于這些數(shù)字。

如果你看到深宅大院的門口聳立著石獅，你馬上就可以判定大院的主人是不低于五品的-;如果你再仔細(xì)數(shù)一數(shù)石獅頭上的卷毛疙瘩，你就會進一步認(rèn)定品極;皇帝門口的石獅上有13排疙瘩，親王12排，爵位越低，數(shù)量遞減。

房屋的形式、屋瓦的顏色也是不能替越的。恭王府以前的主人是大相和坤，他修建了慶頤堂，模仿了皇帝的寧壽宮�；实邸凹佣髻n令自盡”時，這是其中的一條罪狀。

北京恭王府解說詞篇十一

恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和珅的家，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅?奕讠斤，所以稱為恭親王府。

北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線，二是護城河。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處。和珅曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局，卻還要龍尾行大事�！甭犅�，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一貪”!

恭親王府內(nèi)，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和珅想讓自己很幸福，便取“�！钡闹C音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

進門后，首先映入眼簾的，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹，榆樹的果、葉形似銅錢，每當(dāng)銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時，和珅就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的‘聚寶盆’，地上的錢也是流入我和珅的囊袋中。”這話可真不假!

我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門，色彩鮮艷，做工精細(xì)。據(jù)說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的。

進了西洋門，繞過“送子觀音”石雕，便是和珅家的戲園了。戲園前是一片花園，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒�！董h(huán)珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戲臺了。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和珅等權(quán)貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了。

穿過雕刻精細(xì)的朱欄長廊，便來到了和珅的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環(huán)合，清幽寧靜。整個恭親王府，就它不是用石磚砌的。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏涼，和珅最愛待在這里了。

出書齋，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和珅會客的地方。要上正殿，有一條很特別的路，只有一節(jié)階梯，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和珅說過他這一世，只有年少時吃過苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，萬人之上”的權(quán)勢顛峰。我們可以跨過最底下的一節(jié)階梯，免吃一點苦，直接“平步青云”。

有這樣一個故事：當(dāng)年孝莊太后年老病重之時，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝，心情極其郁悶。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準(zhǔn)備好紙筆，大筆一揮，寫了一個“�！弊帧�寫完之后，玄燁和蘇麻喇姑看著那個“�！弊煮@呆了——那個字蒼勁有力，十分瀟灑。細(xì)一看，竟看見了多個詞組：多田，多子，多才，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意，便命人把這個“�！弊滞卦谝粔K巨石上。結(jié)果，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復(fù)了!康熙帝大喜，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛。

只可惜傳到乾隆手中，就被別人偷出了皇宮。這個人就是和珅�，F(xiàn)在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下，只露出寫有“�！弊值囊幻妗＿@個“�！北闶枪вH王府的第一萬個福，寓意“萬�！薄：瞳|還神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’，我是‘萬�！�!”后來，嘉慶帝抄他家時，本想把福石搬回皇宮，可還是沒有搬成。和珅太狡猾了，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“�！弊肿笥腋髌隽艘粭l龍，寓意“龍坐江山”，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”，便把福石留了下來。