新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊Unit9課后習(xí)題答案1

　　III.1. accomplish 2. responsibility 3. amount 4. performance 5. alter

　　6. adapt 7. aroused 8. remarkable 9. investigate 10. entertain

　　IV.

　　1. out 2.to 3.in 4.from 5.back 6.as 7.with 8.with 9.behind 10.on

　　V.

　　1.G 2.L 3.D 4.F 5.K 6.N 7.O 8.I 9.C 10.A

　　Sentence Structure

　　VI.

　　1. Should you change your mind, no one will be upset.

　　2. Should a serious cr**** arise, the public would have to be informed of it.

　　3. Should you fail in the exam, your parents and teacher will not blame you.

　　4. Should you have a major change in your plan, let us know in time.

　　5. should your car break down, change to a bus.

　　VII.

　　1. You should talk to your teacher instead of just complaining to me about it.

　　2. They raised prices and cut production, instead of cutting costs.

　　3. He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting up for the night at the hotel.

　　4. He nodded his head instead of saying anything where his voice might express the real truth.

　　5. My mother prefers making her own clothes instead of buying clothes in the shops.

　　Translation

　　VIII.

　　1. Should you have any doubt about the plan, please feel free to contact us at any time.

　　2. We have learned how to face reality instead of escaping from it.

　　3. It just proves that you can’t hope to turn in a worthy report if you haven’t done enough preparation.

　　4. We have to face that possibility no matter how unlikely it may sound.

　　5. The newcomers found it hard to adapt themselves to the climate there.

　　6. It strikes me as odd that school children are required to come to school two hours before class.

　　IX.

　　1. 遺憾的是，他也一點英語都不會說，但是如果你想去某個地方，把地址寫下來交給他就行了。

　　2. 下次你若有問題，要考慮怎樣改變處境，不要過于擔(dān)心各種負(fù)面因素。

　　3. 不管什么天氣，她*均每天跑15英里。

　　4. 好的攝影作品和普通的攝影作品最重要的一個區(qū)別因素是用光手法。

　　5. 實際上，大多數(shù)員工從不愿意把新產(chǎn)品使用手冊堅持看完。

　　6. 一旦你感到放松后，就把***集中在音樂上，看看心中有什么意象出現(xiàn)。

　　Cloze

　　X.

　　1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 110.A 11.A 12.C 3.B 14.C 15.C

　　Structured Writing

　　XII.

　　Visual aids offer several advantages. The primary advantage is clarity. If you are discussing an object, you can make your message clearer by showing the object. If you are citing statistics, showing how something works, or demonstrating a technique, a visual aid will make you information more vivid to your audience. By using visual aids in your speeches, you often will make it easier for listeners to understand exactly what you are trying to communicate. Another advantage of visual aids is interest. The interest generated by visual images is so strong that visual aids are now widely used in many areas, not just speechmaking.

新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊Unit9課后習(xí)題答案擴(kuò)展閱讀

新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊Unit9課后習(xí)題答案（擴(kuò)展1）

——新視野大學(xué)英語第1冊Unit1課后答案和翻譯第三版

新視野大學(xué)英語第1冊Unit1課后答案和翻譯第三版1

　　III.

　　1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7. virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities

　　IV

　　1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with

　　V

　　1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C

　　Sentence Structure

　　VI.

　　1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor.

　　2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down.

　　3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family.

　　4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite.

　　5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry.

　　VII.

　　1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours.

　　2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English.

　　3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.

　　4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours.

　　5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company.

　　Translation

　　VIII.

　　1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply.

　　2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless.

　　3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot.

　　4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need.

　　5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her.

　　6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.

　　IX.

　　1. 我永遠(yuǎn)都不會忘記那位老師，是他告訴我學(xué)外語是有趣的、有價值的。如果沒有他，我的英語說得不會像現(xiàn)在這樣好。

　　2 沒有任何其他語言能像英語那樣讓你感受到多姿多彩的世界文化。有了過硬的英語知識，你就可以體驗奇妙的文化之旅。

　　3. 寫作不僅僅要寫老師布置的話題，而且要寫自己感興趣的東西，例如，給朋友寫電子郵件。

　　4. 遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)課程是指授課者與學(xué)生通過計算機(jī)通信技術(shù)進(jìn)行交流的課程。

　　5. 英語不但是世界上最有用的`語言，也是世界上最易學(xué)、易用的語言之一。

　　6遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)課程在時間安排上給予學(xué)生更多的**，但與其他課程比，這些課程要求學(xué)生有更強(qiáng)的自律能力。

　　Cloze

　　1. B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6,C 7.B 8.A 9.a 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B

　　Structured Writing

　　XII. I am proud to say that I succeeded in learning a foreign language. It was a real challenge and, needless to say, it took a lot of practice. I carried a small dictionary with me everywhere I went as well as a notebook in which I listed new words I came across. I also managed my time carefully so that I met the standards of the course and finished assignments on time. After years of persistence, I reaped the benefits of all my hard work.

新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊Unit9課后習(xí)題答案（擴(kuò)展2）

——新視野大學(xué)英語第3版第一冊Unit4課后答案詳解

新視野大學(xué)英語第3版第一冊Unit4課后答案詳解1

　　Comprehension of the Text

　　1. He was waiting to see a woman who had filled a special place in his life for the past thirteen months.

　　2. Soon after he volunteered for military service, he received a book and a letter from this woman.

　　3. John Blandford was the only person to write her back.

　　4. She had faithfully written to John. Even when his letters did not arrive, she wrote anyway, without decrease.

　　5. As long as he received her letters, he felt as thought he could survive.

　　6. She declined his request and explained her objection.

　　7. Yes, but she had asked a lady well over forty to wear the rose on her coat.

　　8. She wanted to make sure that John didn’t love her just for her beauty.

　　Vocabulary

　　III.

　　1. forbid 2. identical 3. objection 4. warmth 5. volunteers

　　6. overseas 7. declined 8. resisted 9. fancy 10. decrease/decline

　　IV.

　　1. without fail 2. volunteer for 3. as long as 4. right away

　　5. more than 6. am thankful...for 7. wrote back 8. forbidden from

　　9. vanished into 10. was free to

　　V.

　　1.O 2.J 3.G 4.H 5.L 6.A 7.E 8.B 9.C 10.N

　　WordBuilding

　　VI.

　　1. sadness 2. weakness 3. carelessness 4. illness

　　5. darkness 6. kindness 7. laziness 8. nervousness

　　VII.

　　1. noisy 2. wealthy 3. sunny 4. lucky

　　5. tasty 6. healthy 7. angry 8. icy

　　Sentence structure

　　VIII.

　　1. It is necessary for the manager to finish the whole task before leaving for a holiday.

　　2. It is a shame to take so much money for doing so little.

　　3. It is our responsibility to help people around us who are in trouble.

　　4. It is a surprise for us all to realize he has been cheating us.

　　5. It is pleasant for the mother to see her daughter growing into a young lady.

　　IX.

　　1. as long as she got her father's agreement

　　2. As long as you set a goal for yourself

　　3. As long as she covers all the expenses herself

　　4. as long as she does her job well

　　5. As long as you never lose heart

　　Translation

　　X.

　　1. It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.

　　2. It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice.

　　3. You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning.

　　4. Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it.

　　5. Everyone knows that he is special: He is free to come and go as he pleases.

　　6. Watching the unhappy look on her face, I felt as though she wished to say something to me.

　　XI.

　　1. 現(xiàn)如今，僅僅受過中等教育的人要想找份好工作越來越難了。

　　2. 留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒。

　　3. 如果你對所購物品不滿意，我們將很樂意退款。

　　4. 我們對這塊偉大的`美麗的土地心懷感激之情，多年來它迎接了眾多的人來這里的海灘游覽。

　　5. 讓老師吃驚的是，沒人自愿當(dāng)班長。

　　6. 那條狗忠心耿耿地繼續(xù)在火車站等待主人，直到兩年后死去。

　　Cloze

　　XII.

　　1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.C

　　XIV.

　　Parents have to save a large amount of money for their children to study abroad. Apart from the international flight, they have to pay for their daily expense, such as food, shelter, entertainment, long-distance telephone calls, and clothing. In addition, the children should have some money ready to cover unexpected expenses.

新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊Unit9課后習(xí)題答案（擴(kuò)展3）

——新視野大學(xué)英語第3版第一冊Unit5課后答案

新視野大學(xué)英語第3版第一冊Unit5課后答案1

　　Comprehension of the Text

　　I.

　　1. She feels terrible. She wants to weep and she does weep a little.

　　2. He smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself.

　　3. He father was hooked by cigarettes. Though he smoked Prince Albert tobacco, he never looked as fashionable as Prince Albert; he continued to look like a poor, overweight, hard-working colored man with too large a family.

　　4. By that time, her father’s health had become poor. His breathing was difficult; he had to rest very often when he was climbing stairs. It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour.

　　5. Money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies. As a result, over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, and eventually killing themselves.

　　6. Cigarette ends are so poisonous that if a baby swallows one, it is likely to die. Also, the boiled water from a hunch of cigarette ends makes an effective insecticide.

　　7. she still remembers how carefully she ate when she was pregnant, and how patiently she taught her daughter how to cross a street safely, but now her daughter smokes, which amounts to killing herself by taking poison, as her father did.

　　8. Smoking is a form of self-battering that also batters others who must sit by.

　　Vocabulary

　　III.

　　1. hardened 2. shelter 3. slim 4. weaken 5. Literally

　　6. noticeable 7. bunch 8. drag 9. grateful 10. hooked

　　IV.

　　1. leaned on 2. close at hand 3. die of 4. are starved of 5. coupled with 6. is directed...at 7. are...dressed in 8. grateful to 9. struggling to 10. a bunch of

　　V.

　　1.J 2.G 3.K 4.M 5.E 6.O 7.D 8.H 9.A 10.C

　　WordBuilding

　　VI.

　　1. Under the pleasant situation the property prices are just beginning to harden again.

　　2. In the past few years, these inside conflicts have weakened the government's position.

　　3. Every Sunday the father takes his child to libraries, museums, exhibitions or natural parks, as he believes that this helps to broaden the child's mind.

　　4. The days are lengthening as summer approaches.

　　5. As she was waiting for the result to come out, her excitement heightened.

　　6. The taking on of a new secretary lightened his workload considerably.

　　7. As he listened to his assistant reporting on the progress of the project, the manager's face darkened with anger.

　　8. Before night fell, the setting sun reddened the clouds.

　　VII.

　　1. arrival 2. expectations 3. understandable 4. Visitors 5. freedom 6. profitable 7. lucky 8. gathering

　　Sentence structure

　　VIII.

　　1. John went to the cinema with his brother, which surprised me.

　　2. The boy broke the window, for which he was criticized by the teacher.

　　3. He tore up my photo, by which I was angered very much.

　　4. It was raining hard, for which the team stayed indoors.

　　5. Connie changed her mind for the second time, which came as no surprise to us.

　　IX.

　　1. The teacher spoke so quietly that the students could hardly hear her.

　　2. The lecture was so boring that many listeners fell asleep.

　　3. The student has so many books that he does not know what to do with them.

　　4. The old man was so ill that his neighbors had to send for a doctor.

　　5. Her remarks are so funny that everyone laughs to tears.

　　Translation

　　X.

　　1. He spoke confidently, which impressed me most.

　　2. My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys.

　　3. I'm very grateful to you for all the help you have given me.

　　4. The bad light, coupled with the wet ground, made driving very difficult.

　　5. Being starved of funds, they had to cancel their plan to start a business.

　　6. They always lean on us whenever they are in trouble.

　　XI.

　　1. 飛機(jī)可能會晚點幾個小時，要是那樣，我們等著就沒有什么意義了。

　　2. 喬治常常說謊，因此當(dāng)他說他考試得了高分時沒人相信他。

　　3. 除了附近位于十字路口的那家小工廠，一切都靜悄悄的'。

　　4. 缺少睡眠的人會感到很難集中心思干活。

　　5. 我安排人去機(jī)場接克拉克先生，然后帶他去賓館。

　　6. 一到達(dá)山頂，游客們都高興地大叫起來。

　　Cloze

　　XII.

　　1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.B

　　11.D 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.C

　　XIV.

　　There are many problems for mixed marriages. The number one reason is the cultural differences between the mixed couple, like those in customs and lifestyle. Many people have prejudice against mixed marriages. They often feel shocked to see people of different races get married and have doubts about such marriages. What’s more, children from mixed marriages tend to be looked down upon or even badly treated by their peers. Mixed marriages face many trials, and as a result, mixed couples have higher porce rates than couples of the same race.

新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊Unit9課后習(xí)題答案（擴(kuò)展4）

——大學(xué)英語精讀第一冊Unit Seven

大學(xué)英語精讀第一冊Unit Seven1

　　The author finds out that good intentions alone are not enough when his attempt to be kind to an old man leaves them both feeling worse than before.

　　The Sampler

　　In a certain store where they sell puddings, a number of these delicious things are laid out in a row during the Christmas season. Here you may select the one which is most to your taste, and you are even allowed to sample them before coming to a decision.

　　I have often wondered whether some people, who had no intention of making a purchase, would take advantage of this privilege. One day I asked this question of the shop girl, and I learned it was indeed the case.

　　"Now there's one old gentleman, for instance," she told me, "he comes here almost every week and samples each one of the puddings, though he never buys anything, and I suspect he never will. I remember him from last year before that, too. Well, let him come if he wants it, and welcome to it. And what's more, I hope there are a lot more stores where he can go and get his share. He looks as if he needed it all right, and I suppose they can afford it."

　　She was still speaking when an elderly gentleman limped up to the counter and began looking closely at the row of puddings with great interest.

　　"Why, that's the very gentleman I've been telling you about," whispered the shop girl." Just watch him now." And then turning to him:" Would you like to sample them, sir? Here's spoon for you to use."

　　The elderly gentleman, who was poorly but neatly dressed, accepted the spoon and began eagerly to sample one after another of the puddings, only braking off occasionally to wipe his red eyes with a large torn handkerchief.

　　"This is quite good."

　　"This is not bad either, but a little too heavy."

　　All the time it was quite evident that he sincerely believed that he might eventually buy one of these puddings, and I am positive that he did not for a moment feel that he was in any way cheating the store. Poor old chap! Probably he had come down in the world and this sampling was all that was left him from the time when he could afford to come and select his favorite pudding.

　　Amidst the crowd of happy, prosperous looking Christmas shoppers, the little black figure of the old man seemed pitiful and out of place, and in a burst of benevolence, I went up to him and said:

　　"Pardon me, sir, will you do me a favor? Let me purchase you one of these puddings. It would give me such pleasure."

　　He jumped back as if he had been stung, and the blood rushed into his wrinkled face.

　　"Excuse me," he said, with more dignity than I would have thought possible considering his appearance, "I do not believe I have the pleasure of knowing you. Undoubtedly you have mistaken me for someone else." And with a quick decision he turned to the shop girl and said in a loud voice, "Kindly pack me up this one here. I will take it with me." He pointed at one of the largest and most expensive of the puddings.

　　The girl took down the pudding from its stand and started to make a parcel of it, while he pulled out a worn little black pocketbook and began counting out shillings and pennies on to the counter. To save his "honour" he had been forced into a purchase which he could not possibly afford. How I longed for the power to unsay my tactless words! It was too late though, and I felt that the kindest thing I could do now would be walk away.

　　"You pay at the desk," the shop girl was telling him, but he did not seem to understand and kept trying to put the coins into her hand. And that was the last I saw or the old man. Now he can never go there to sample pudding any more.

新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊Unit9課后習(xí)題答案（擴(kuò)展5）

——新視野大學(xué)英語第二冊Unit9課后答案和翻譯(第3版)

新視野大學(xué)英語第二冊Unit9課后答案和翻譯(第3版)1

　　Comprehension of the Text

　　I.

　　1. His mother. Because she influenced his thoughts and attitudes toward life.

　　2. He learned from his mother that one should never quit.

　　3. The family was homeless, jobless and penniless with three babies waiting to be fed.

　　4. She quit school to find a job as a grocer and moved the family to live with her brother, Allen.

　　5. She discovered in him a talent for words.

　　6. Though very poor, she signed him up for a set of books for intermediate and advanced readers.

　　7. He worked as a reporter with the Baltimore Sun and later with The New York Times. He won the Pulitzer Prize.

　　8. No, she didn’t have the chance to know of it because her health collapsed, but she always believed in it.

　　Vocabulary

　　III.

　　1.ambitious 2.sympathize 3.tender 4.considering 5.corruption 6.scattered 7.intermediate 8.corresponding 9.equivalent 10.deceived

　　IV.

　　1.to 2.around 3.to/with 4.up 5.out 6.to 7.out 8.of 9.From 10.in

　　V.

　　1.J 2.M 3.F 4.L 5,A 6.O 7.G 8.D 9.I 10.C

　　Word Building

　　VI.

　　1. After working extra hours for several months, I have repaid the money to the bank.

　　2. I didn’t enjoy the story at first, but I came to like it when I reread it.

　　3. He replaced the book on the shelf when he finished it.

　　4. She is slowly regaining he strength after the accident.

　　5. The old city center was redesigned after the war.

　　6. She was asked toreconsider her decision to leave the job.

　　7. After the disaster the government spent millions of dollars helping the local people to reconstruct their homes.

　　8. The museum has such a fine set of old paintings that it is worth revisiting.

　　VII.

　　1. dishonest 2. discouraged 3. displeased 4. discontinued

　　5. disappearing 6. discharged 7. disclosed 8. dislike

　　Sentence Structure

　　VIII.

　　1. I’ve made up my mind to marry him even if my mother objects.

　　2. She has problems finding a job even if she gets a Bachelor’s degree.

　　3. Even if you normally have good skin, some pats of the face may become dry during the winter.

　　4. The young man felt great sadness even if he did not find the words to express it.

　　5. Even if you don’t watch music programs, you’ve probably heard his songs.

　　IX.

　　1. The clearer a goal is , the easier it is to decide whether the goal is achievable.

　　2. The angrier I got, the less he said.

　　3. The larger the city is, the greater the increase in population is.

　　4. The longer they stick to their goal, the greater the chances of success are.

　　5. The more expensive the restaurant is, the better the food it serves.

　　Translation

　　X.

　　1. I am sure that I will make something of myself, even though I have not achieved any major success so far.

　　2. I have been working hard for so many years; I feel I am entitled to a good future.

　　3. When her husband deserted her, leaving her with nothing but scattered pieces of life to pick up, she went insane.

　　4. From my standpoint, Mother was too hard on me then, without taking my feelings into account.

　　5. When I reached the summit of my professional career, mother's words "Never be a quitter in face of life" were constantly in my mind.

　　6. You should know better than to play football in the street.

　　XI.

　　1. 詹姆士是個誠實的人，盡管***他這個人，我還是要這樣說。

　　2. **越龐大，越難做出決定。

　　3. 是真英雄方能臨危不懼。

　　4. 持有該票者能免費入場。

　　5. 在英國，他是第一個有意識的從事散文寫作并且有所建樹的人。

　　6. 失業(yè)半年后，她報名參加了烹飪班，希望能盡快找到工作。

　　Cloze

　　1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D

　　Structured Writing

　　XIV.

　　Some people think that books are the main source of himan knowledge, summaries of what people have acquired in their struggle with nature and society. Moreover, with the rapid development of modern society, book knowledge is updated from time to time. For these people, books are everything.

　　However, book knowledge is not everything! Books can never cover all the things and happenings in the world. Book knowledge is only a recording of what has been discovered. There are many mysteries unsolved and we can find no answers from books up to now. So if one does not try to learn something beyond books, it will be difficult for one to cope with some practical problems.

　　We should develop our ability through practice and observing the world. It is not practical to rely on books only.

新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊Unit9課后習(xí)題答案（擴(kuò)展6）

——新視野大學(xué)英語第1冊Unit6課后答案第3版

新視野大學(xué)英語第1冊Unit6課后答案第3版1

　　III.

　　1. boast 2. registered 3. employment 4. peculiar 5. Continuous 6. graduated 7. dump 8. retreat 9. contrary 10. trembled

　　IV.

　　1. in 2. of 3. behind 4. about 5. At 6. about/of 7.with 8. by 9. on/upon 10. at

　　V. 1. F 2. M 3. J 4. G 5.A 6. D 7. O 8. L 9. I 10. C

　　VI.

　　1. I know who he is. So does she.

　　2. We have come to realize all work is equally import. So has Sara.

　　3. I’d like another drink. So would John.

　　4. I’m not supposed to know who else objects to the plan. Nor/Neither are they.

　　5. He shouldn’t have imagined there would be joy in picking up trash. Nor/Neither should Steve.

　　VII.

　　1. Even if the calculation is right

　　2. even if they raise the price

　　3. Even if she may not return me the money

　　4. even if she doesn’t come

　　5. Even if we achieve great success in our work

　　VIII.

　　1. The police got to the station five minutes after the explosion, and so did the reporters.

　　2. Even if you disagree with her, she is worth listening to.

　　3. The news reporters were given nothing but bare facts by the officials in charge of the investigation.

　　4. The room was well decorated, but the color of the curtain did not go well with the overall style.

　　5. Whenever we go back to the place where my husband was born, we always make the rounds of his relatives.

　　6. Contrary to his hope, his girlfriend’s parents are not as approachable as his parents.

　　IX.

　　1. 我問過好幾個服務(wù)員，可他們什么也沒說，只朝著我笑，直到這時我才意識到我的英語不夠好。

　　2. 校長對那位院長非常生氣，進(jìn)而**了他的院長職務(wù)。

　　3. 如果你當(dāng)著孩子的`面問這個問題，即使他想說“是”也可能會說“不是”。

　　4. 如果你想畢業(yè)時獲得學(xué)位，你要么別玩網(wǎng)上游戲，要么別去打零工。

　　5. 雖然他未接受過大學(xué)教育，他卻瞧不起那些沒有大學(xué)**的人。

　　6. 他曾就公司的管理問題提了好幾個建議，但沒有一個管用。

　　X.

　　1. A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5. A 6.C 7.A 8. C 9. B 10.A 11. B 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.C

　　16. B 17.A 18.C19.B 20.A

　　XII.

　　People come to Beijing for different purposes. Thousands upon thousands of foreign students are studying different subjects at universities in Beijing. Every year a large number of foreign businessmen from all pats of the world visit Beijing, for various kinds of business talks or international conferences. In addition travelers both at home and abroad come to Beijing for visiting places of historic interest during their holidays or visiting their friends and relatives in Beijing.

新視野大學(xué)英語第三版第一冊Unit9課后習(xí)題答案（擴(kuò)展7）

——新視野大學(xué)英語第三版Book 4 Unit 3 課文翻譯

新視野大學(xué)英語第三版Book 4 Unit 3 課文翻譯1

　　課文A

　　弗雷德·史密斯與聯(lián)邦快遞：一個改變了世界的創(chuàng)想

　　1. 每天夜晚，在田納西廾1的孟菲斯機(jī)場，都有幾百架帶著白、紫、桔**案的飛機(jī)降落。而在每天此前的早些時候，這些飛機(jī)都在**各地收集包裹。工作人員從飛機(jī)上卸下的包裹及信件數(shù)量超過五十萬之巨。長方形的包裹和信封又在這里依據(jù)收件地址被迅速整理分揀，然后裝載上其他飛機(jī)，飛往各自的目的地，在那兒再由人工投遞——到這時很多郵件離開寄件人之手還不到24小時。這是弗雷德里克·W.史密斯的終極夢想，他就是聯(lián)邦快遞集團(tuán)(最初為聯(lián)邦快遞)這一全球最大、最成功的隔夜送達(dá)服務(wù)企業(yè)的創(chuàng)始人、總裁、首席執(zhí)行官及董事會*。如今，史密斯這一源于大學(xué)時代的妙想已在現(xiàn)實中經(jīng)營到了第28個年頭，并已成為包裹接遞入戶行業(yè)的標(biāo)桿。

　　2.史密斯被公認(rèn)為是一位和藹可親、性格迷人的秘人的杰出企業(yè)家。無論是他的競爭者、員工，還是他公司股票的持有人，都對他十分敬重。弗雷德·史密斯創(chuàng)建“聯(lián)邦快遞”時只有27歲�，F(xiàn)在多年過去了，他仍然坐在"掌門人”的位置上。他將公司的成功簡單地歸因于**力，而這一推論則來自于他的**生涯及其家庭的影響。

　　3.弗雷德里克·華萊士·史密斯1944年8月11日出生于密西西比州一個富裕的家族。他四歲時父親就離世了。史密斯年少時被視為病殘者，因為他得了一種病，使他無法正常行走。為此他常遭受壞孩子的侮辱捉弄，他學(xué)會了揮舞合金拐杖來保護(hù)自己。十歲時他的病治好了，到了高中他則成了學(xué)校里的體育明星，足球、籃球、棒球樣樣能行。

　　4.史密斯對飛行充滿了激情。15歲時，他就曾駕駛一架作物噴粉飛機(jī)在密西西比三角洲的天際翱翔，三角洲的地形*坦開闊，至都不需要雷達(dá)導(dǎo)航。在耶魯大學(xué)上學(xué)時，他參與重建了耶魯飛行俱樂部，在**海軍航空史的每個時期都有這一俱樂部出來的校友的身影，包括一戰(zhàn)時期著名的“百萬富翁飛行隊”。史密斯負(fù)責(zé)管理俱樂部的事務(wù)，同時還在紐黑文經(jīng)營一項小規(guī)模的租賃業(yè)務(wù)。

　　5. 由**行打亂了學(xué)習(xí)時間、他的學(xué)業(yè)受到了影響，但史密斯從未停止尋找自己的"偉大想法”。在撰寫一門經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)課程的學(xué)期論文時，他認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)找到了它。他設(shè)計了一份運輸企業(yè)的經(jīng)營草案，該運輸企業(yè)可以確保連夜遞送小型或時間緊迫的貨品到達(dá)**的主要地區(qū)，如替換零件、醫(yī)藥用品等等。教授對這篇論文未予重視，他告訴史密斯說，他無法量化他的想法，并說這一想法明顯不切合實際。

　　6. 然而，史密斯確信自己已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了些什么，盡管又過了好幾年他才得以把自己的想法付諸實施，在此期間，他于1966年從耶魯大學(xué)畢業(yè)，那時正值**在越戰(zhàn)中越陷越深.而他是個充滿愛國熱情的人，又參加過士官訓(xùn)練課程，所以他加入了**海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊。

　　7. 史密斯在**戰(zhàn)場上服役兩期，完成了兩百多次飛行任務(wù)�！霸�**中，**力意味著能使團(tuán)隊中所有成員將個人的期望與抱負(fù)置于從屬地位，而以實現(xiàn)集體目標(biāo)為重，”史密斯說道，這其中融合了他**生涯和經(jīng)營管理的經(jīng)驗�！岸鴥�(yōu)秀的**力對**一個公司的盈虧底線來說具有相當(dāng)重要的作用。”

　　8. 從**戰(zhàn)場回國后，史密斯開始執(zhí)著于這樣一個理念， 即如果能將某個運輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的各個節(jié)點通過一個中介樞紐相互連接，其效率較之其他各環(huán)節(jié)相互之間無聯(lián)系的分散經(jīng)營的模式來說要高出許多，不論這一系統(tǒng)所涉及的是運送包裹和信件還是人員和飛機(jī)。他決定放手二搏，創(chuàng)建自己的企業(yè)。史密斯用父親公司的投資和他自己繼承財產(chǎn)的一部分購買了第一架快遞飛機(jī)，并于1971年創(chuàng)建了聯(lián)邦快遞。

　　9. 最初的日子伴隨著極度的拮據(jù)乃至財務(wù)損失。聯(lián)邦快遞公司的司機(jī)自己掏腰包為貨車付汽油費的情況屢見不鮮。但是，盡管面對這樣的問題，史密斯仍然為公司雇員的福利著想。正如他所回憶的那樣，即使在他們公司沒有錢、辦公室沒有沙發(fā)和打字機(jī)的情況下，他們?nèi)匀婚_辟先例，保證員工享受很好的醫(yī)療和牙齒保健福利。

　　10. 一路走來，聯(lián)邦快遞率先踐行了集中調(diào)控和“軸輻式”空中交通系統(tǒng)。自它以后，該系統(tǒng)被幾乎所有大航空公司所采納。而 “聯(lián)邦快遞一下” 也成為了像

　　"復(fù)印一下"或"谷歌一下"這樣的固定說法，成為了我們的詞匯。

　　11. 史密斯說生意上的成功歸根結(jié)底就是三點首先你需要一項吸引人的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)以及一套制勝的戰(zhàn)略;其次你需要一套高效的管理系統(tǒng)在擁有這些之后，如何**好一個團(tuán)隊就是當(dāng)今經(jīng)營一家公司最為重要的事了。

　　12. 盡管史密斯回避**采訪和公眾生活的榮耀，但他卻被稱為是一位友善而*易近人的雇主。他重視自己的雇員，從不認(rèn)為他們理所應(yīng)當(dāng)該為自己工作。有報道稱，他會時不時在晚上造訪聯(lián)邦快遞位于孟菲斯的基地，并且稱名道姓地與包裹分揀人員打招呼。他會主動發(fā)邀請給任何一位已在公司服務(wù)十年的快遞員，請他們到孟菲斯出席"周年慶典早餐” ，這已經(jīng)持續(xù)了很多年。而這其中包含了弗雷德·史密斯自己的哲學(xué)：人員，服務(wù)，利潤(P-S-P)。史密斯說，“P-S-P的哲學(xué)理念就好像一個不可分割的循環(huán)，沒有清晰可辨的入口或出口，每一個環(huán)節(jié)都**著其他環(huán)節(jié)，同時也反過來受其他環(huán)節(jié)支撐。” 通過明確表達(dá)并親身踐行這一理念，弗雷德里克·史密斯已成為未來成功所必需的新**領(lǐng)域的開拓者。

　　課文B

　　霍華德·舒爾茨創(chuàng)造“星巴克”之夢

　　1. 霍華德·舒爾茨這個名字在北美并非家喻戶曉，不過居住在城市或市郊社區(qū)的人都知道他的公司：特色啡零售商星巴克。區(qū)區(qū)I十年間，星巴克已憑借驚人的速度成長為北美最大的咖啡豆烤制商和特色咖啡零售商。截至2000年，它旗下的咖啡店已經(jīng)遍布世界三千多個角落。就連**前總統(tǒng)比爾·*也被人拍到手捧星巴克咖啡。根據(jù)**雜志《**周刊》的報道，舒爾茨將“3C”概念——咖啡、商業(yè)和社區(qū)——融為一體，這已然使星巴克名列20世紀(jì)90年代最成功的零售商之列。

　　2. 舒爾茨出生于1953年，在紐約市布魯克林區(qū)一個極其貧困的街區(qū)長大。他母親是一位前臺接待員，父親則從事過很多不同的工作，但其中沒有哪一份工作給他支付過體面的酬勞或購買過醫(yī)療保險。舒爾茨七歲時，他父親在一次事故中扭斷了腳踝，失去了他當(dāng)時做送貨司機(jī)的工作。在接下來的幾個月中，他們家真的是窮到了揭不開鍋的地步。

　　3. 青年時代的舒爾茨一直由于其家庭"窮困工人階層” 地位所蒙受的恥辱而備**神折磨。有一年他逃離布魯克林炎熱的夏天去參加夏令營，但當(dāng)他得知這個夏令營是專門為低收入家庭的學(xué)生開辦的時候，就再也不愿意去參加了。中學(xué)時他遭受到了男孩子們的奚落，也羞于告訴女朋友自己住在哪里。這些早年痛苦的記憶一直伴隨著他一生。

　　4. 體育運動成了他逃避窮困這一恥辱的方式。1975年，舒爾茨獲得了北密歇根大學(xué)體育獎學(xué)金。他也是他家族中第一個從大學(xué)畢業(yè)的人，因為他的前輩中沒有一一個人接受過比職業(yè)學(xué)校培訓(xùn)更高的教育。

　　5. 舒爾茨令人矚目的咖啡生意的最初靈感源于1983年他對意大利米蘭的造訪。在米蘭的咖啡館里，舒爾茨設(shè)想了一種新型的**式生活方式。他尋求在**重現(xiàn)那種米蘭式的交往*臺，使人們能以那種方式開始新的一天或與朋友小聚。1987年，當(dāng)舒爾茨34歲時，他**了投資團(tuán)隊并購買下了他原先工作的公司，即西雅圖的"星巴克咖啡公司”，將其重組為“星巴克集團(tuán)”。

　　6. 公眾的反映出奇地好。舒爾茨創(chuàng)建的高端咖畔廳立即獲得了成功，這刺激了星巴克乃至全球整個咖啡產(chǎn)業(yè)的迅速成長和發(fā)展。1992年，星巴克成為第一家公開上市的特色咖啡經(jīng)營公司，確證了公司的發(fā)展規(guī)模和前景。

　　7. 星巴克邁出**西北部進(jìn)行投資的第一站是在芝加哥。在那里，公司分管特色銷售的部門開創(chuàng)了與百貨商店聯(lián)手以及在國家書店毗鄰營業(yè)區(qū)的地方開設(shè)星巴克咖啡吧的經(jīng)營新渠道。同時，星巴克還和百事可樂公司建立了伙伴關(guān)系，研發(fā)并銷售一款即開即飲的新型咖啡飲品，他們與卡夫食品公司也簽訂了一份許可協(xié)議。作為一家尋求與多方進(jìn)行合作而發(fā)展的企業(yè)，星巴克甚至與音樂產(chǎn)業(yè)合作，在咖啡吧里銷售為星巴克量身定做的古典銅管樂及管弦樂激光唱片。

　　8. 星巴克在紐約開第二家分店對于舒爾茨來說是回歸故里，但他并沒有擺出一副咖啡行業(yè)王者的姿態(tài)。《*》評論說：“舒爾茨先生說話溫和，幾乎沒有一絲紐約口音的痕跡，而且他舉止靦腆，基至謙卑�！�

　　9. 舒爾茨與眾不同的員工**也引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注，他希望給星巴克的員工提供不僅是經(jīng)營理念上的而且也是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的參與公司成敗的機(jī)會。他規(guī)定，員工完成每周2o小時的工作定額或超過這一定額，就有資格享受醫(yī)療、牙齒及眼部保健方面的`福利，也能享受股票優(yōu)先認(rèn)購權(quán)。就在其他企業(yè)通過削減福利來節(jié)省成本之時，舒爾茨,雖然生長在一個沒有任何福醫(yī)療利保障的家庭，卻仍然坦言自己的信仰，即真誠地關(guān)心員工對建立一個堅實的員工隊伍是至關(guān)重要的�！胺�務(wù)在**是一門缺失的藝術(shù)，”他對《*》如此說道，“我相信人們愿意把工作做好，但如果遭受的待遇很差，他們就會受到打擊。我們希望給予員工尊嚴(yán)與自尊，而這一點光靠動動嘴皮子是做不到的�！毙前涂艘�(guī)定，每一位工時超過半工制的員工都能享受醫(yī)療保障福利。舒爾茨相信這一福利**的切實施行是企業(yè)成長的關(guān)鍵，因為此舉已使星巴克擁有了更加盡心盡力的工作團(tuán)隊以及至高水準(zhǔn)的客戶服務(wù)。這一連鎖反應(yīng)也使員工的流動率極低，幾乎只有快餐行業(yè)*均流動率的一半。在經(jīng)營數(shù)字上，這一**則給星巴克帶來了顯著回報，因為每招募和培訓(xùn)一位新員工及其生產(chǎn)率損失所產(chǎn)生的費用就高達(dá)三千美元。

　　10. 舒爾茨一直堅定地致力于員工及社區(qū)發(fā)展，這一理念已經(jīng)根植于星巴克的核心企業(yè)文化當(dāng)中。他從未因為習(xí)慣于成功而忘卻自己勞動階層的根基。他把自己的一本書獻(xiàn)給了父親以表紀(jì)念。他曾經(jīng)對父親說過尖刻的話，甚至曾指責(zé)他缺乏上進(jìn)心，這些話讓舒爾茨后悔終生，他期望能夠?qū)⑦@些回憶從記憶中抹去。他的父親被診斷出肺癌，在兒子成為百萬富翁之前就離去了。舒爾茨曾經(jīng)告訴他的聽眾，他最重要的成功在于 “我創(chuàng)立了一個我父親從來都不曾有福氣為之工作的那種企業(yè)�！�