關(guān)于訴權(quán)若干問題的思考

摘 要

訴權(quán)是由訴的法律制度所確定的、賦予當(dāng)事人進(jìn)行訴訟、請(qǐng)求法院依法行使審判權(quán)解決糾紛和保護(hù)權(quán)益的公民的基本權(quán)利。訴權(quán)的內(nèi)涵具有雙重性即程序內(nèi)涵和實(shí)體內(nèi)涵，所謂訴權(quán)的程序涵義即在程序上請(qǐng)求法院行使審判權(quán),這種意義上的訴權(quán)的行使旨在啟動(dòng)訴訟程序和從程序上請(qǐng)求法院行使審判權(quán)，具有將民事糾紛或爭(zhēng)議引導(dǎo)到民事訴訟中的程序功能。實(shí)體涵義是指保護(hù)民事權(quán)益和解決民事糾紛的請(qǐng)求，是審判權(quán)保護(hù)的核心對(duì)象，2者是手段和目的的關(guān)系，并相輔相成共同構(gòu)成訴權(quán)的完整內(nèi)涵。1個(gè)國(guó)家的歷史傳統(tǒng)、文化、公民的'心理、生活方式以及法律制度（包括訴訟制度）都是影響和阻礙訴權(quán)正常行使以及侵害訴權(quán)的原因。因此，法律缺乏可訴性不利于訴權(quán)的保護(hù)和行使，僅從訴權(quán)的角度來說，我國(guó)立法上應(yīng)當(dāng)增添和充實(shí)憲法和民事實(shí)體法等法律的可訴性。訴訟的公正和經(jīng)濟(jì)、完善現(xiàn)行民事訴訟的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，并添加合理規(guī)定，是讓公民接受司法、信任訴訟的重要途徑。

關(guān)鍵詞：訴權(quán);民事訴權(quán);民事訴權(quán)保護(hù);非法行使民事訴權(quán)的規(guī)制

Abstract

Tell power from what law system make sure told, give the party concerned to carry on litigation, request a court to exercise the basic right of the citizen that the judicature solves dispute and protection rights by law.The content which tells power has dual namely procedure content and entity content, so-called tell the procedure connotation of power to request a court to exercise judicature on the procedure, this kind of telling of meaning power exercises an aim Be starting litigation procedure to exercise judicature with court from the procedure claim, have to guide civil case dispute or controversy to the procedure function of civil case in court.The entity connotation means protection civil case the rights reach agreement the claim of civil case dispute definitely, is the judicature protective core object, twos are the means relationship with purposes, and complement each other together the composing tell the complete content of powerAll of the mental state, life style and law systems(include litigation system) of[with] history tradition, culture, citizen of a nation are the reason that influence and bar tell power to exercise and violate to tell power normally Therefore, the law lacks can tell sex disadvantage in tell power of protect and exercise, only from told the angle of power to say, our country the top of the lawmaking should increase with enrichment the laws such as constitution and civil case entity method etc. can tell sex Litigation of fair and economy, the related contents of perfect and current civil case in court, and increase reasonable provision, is let the citizen accept judicatory, trust litigation of important path.
Key words: The right of action ; The right of civil action ; Protection of the right of civil action; restriction of the right of civil action
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