evolution進(jìn)化論

來(lái)自evolve，進(jìn)化。

英文詞源

evolution

evolution:[17]Evolutionoriginally meant simply ‘unfolding’, or metaphorically ‘development’; it was not used in its main current sense, ‘gradual change in form of a species over the centuries’, until the early 19th century. The Scottish geologist Charles Lyell appears to have been the first to do so, in hisPrinciples of Geology1832, and it was subsequently taken up by Charles Darwin.

The word comes from Latinēvolūtiō, which denoted specifically the unrolling of a papyrus or parchment roll. It was a derivative ofēvolvere, a compound formed from the prefixex- ‘out’ andvolvere‘roll’ (source also of Englishconvolution,involve, andrevolveand related tovault,voluble,volume,vulva, andwallow).
=>convolution,involve,revolve,volume,wallow

evolution (n.)

1620s, "an opening of what was rolled up," from Latinevolutionem(nominativeevolutio) "unrolling (of a book)," noun of action from past participle stem ofevolvere"to unroll" (seeevolve).

Used in medicine, mathematics, and general writing in various senses including "growth to maturity and development of an individual living thing" (1660s). Modern use in biology, of species, first attested 1832 in works of Scottish geologist Charles Lyell. Charles Darwin used the word in print once only, in the closing paragraph of "The Origin of Species" (1859), and preferreddescent with modification, in part becauseevolutionalready had been used in the discarded 18c. homunculus theory of embryological development (first proposed under this name by Bonnet, 1762) and in part because it carried a sense of "progress" not present in Darwin's idea. But Victorian belief in progress prevailed (and the advantages of brevity), and Herbert Spencer and other biologists after Darwin popularizedevolution.