用which引導(dǎo)的定語從句講解和句子舉例

　　導(dǎo)語：用which引導(dǎo)的定語從句知識(shí)大家都了解多少呢?以下是小編為大家整理的文章，歡迎閱讀!希望對(duì)大家有所幫助!

　　第一、which在句子中作主語或賓語

　　which在定語從句中既可用作主語，也可以用作賓語;作賓語時(shí)還可以省略;

　　舉例1：This is the book which has been retranslated into many languages.

　　這就是那本有多種譯本的書，此句子中關(guān)系代詞which在從句中用作主語

　　舉例2：Where is the book (which)I bought this morning?

　　今天上午我買的那本書在哪兒?此句子關(guān)系代詞which在從句中用作賓語，可省去;

　　第二、which在句子中作定語或表語

　　舉例3：We told him to consult the doctor,which advice he took.

　　我們叫他去看醫(yī)生，他聽取了我們的勸告。which在從句中用作定語;

　　舉例4：The two policeman were completely trusted,which in fact,they were.

　　那兩個(gè)警察完全受到信任，事實(shí)上真是如此，which在從句中用作表語;

　　第三、which在句子中用作介詞賓語

　　which在定語從句中用作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞既可位于從句之首，也可以位于從句之末，但以位于從句之首較為正式;

　　舉例5：This is the book for which you asked.

　　這是你所要的書。which作介詞for的賓語，介詞位于從句之首，即which之前

　　此句變式：This is the book which you asked for.介詞for置于從句之末

　　第四、先行詞指物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞which和that往往可以互換，但在下列情況中多用which

　　1、those+復(fù)數(shù)名詞之后多用which

　　A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best

　　商店應(yīng)存有最暢銷的貨物。

　　2、描述性定語從句一般皆用which

　　Beijing，which was China's capital for more than 800 years,is rich in cultural and historic relics.

　　北京曾是八百多年的中國(guó)首都，有很豐富的歷史文物。

　　3、介詞之后須用which

　　This is the one of which I‘m speaking.

　　這就是我所講的那個(gè)

　　經(jīng)過實(shí)際句子的講解，相信大家已經(jīng)基本了解which引導(dǎo)的定語從句用法，希望大家適當(dāng)?shù)倪M(jìn)行練習(xí)，鞏固今天所學(xué)習(xí)的知識(shí)。

　　練習(xí)

　　Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day?

　　A. that you talked　　　　　　　　 B. you talked about it

　　C. which you talked with 　　　　 D. you talked about

　　which引導(dǎo)的定語從句的用法

　　如： He was reading a book, which was about war. 他正在讀一本關(guān)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的書。(關(guān)系代詞which在修飾book的定語從句中充當(dāng)主語。)

　　He was reading a book, which he had bought from London. 他正在讀一本書， 這本書是從倫敦買回來的。(關(guān)系代詞which在修飾book的`定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語。)

　　which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí)有一個(gè)特殊用法， 即它所引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句修飾主句中更多的部分甚至整個(gè)主句(這時(shí)被定語從句所修飾的“先行詞”要作廣義理解)， which仍在定語從句中作主語、 賓語或表語。例如：

　　He set free the birds happily， which was a celebration for his success. 他開心地把鳥放了， 這是對(duì)他成功的一種慶祝。

　　把非限定性定語從句“which was a celebration for his success”的先行詞視為主句中的“the birds”顯然不符合整句的語境， 被“which was a celebration for his success”所修飾的是整個(gè)主句， which所引導(dǎo)的這類特殊的非限定性定語從句對(duì)主句所敘述的情況進(jìn)行某種意義的補(bǔ)充說明， which常可譯為“這一點(diǎn)， 這件事”。

　　[考題1] You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, ____ is always busy at the weekend. (2006上海春)

　　A. that B. where C. what D. which

　　[答案] D

　　[解析] 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語從句修飾the shopping centre， 應(yīng)選用D選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系代詞which， which在該定語從句中充當(dāng)主語。

　　[考題2] York, ____ last year, is a nice old city. (2003北京)

　　A. that I visited B. which I visited

　　C. where I visited D. in which I visited

　　[答案] B

　　[解析] 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語從句修飾York， 在定語從句中充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞visit的賓語， 應(yīng)選用B選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系代詞which。

　　[考題3] He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. (1990)

　　A. these B. those C. that D. which

　　[答案] D

　　[解析] 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語從句修飾windows， 在定語從句中充當(dāng)介詞of的賓語， 應(yīng)選用D選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系代詞which。

　　[考題4] The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (2006江蘇)

　　A. who B. that C. as D. which

　　[答案] D

　　[解析] 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語從句修飾整個(gè)主句“the owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running”所表示的情況， 應(yīng)選用C選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系代詞which， 在該定語從句中充當(dāng)主語。

　　[考題5] Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy. (2000)

　　A. who B. which C. this D. what

　　[答案] B

　　[解析] 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語從句修飾整個(gè)主句“Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play”所表示的情況， 應(yīng)選用B選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系代詞which， 在該定語從句中充當(dāng)主語。

　　[考題6] The result of the experiment was very good, ____ we hadn’t expected. (2000北京、 安徽春)

　　A. when 　 B. that C. which D. what

　　[答案] C

　　[解析] 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語從句修飾整個(gè)主句“the result of the experiment was very good”所表示的情況， 應(yīng)選用C選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系代詞which， 在該定語從句中充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞expect的賓語。

　　[考題7] The English play ____ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. (2004)

　　A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which

　　[答案] C

　　[解析] 表示“在英語劇中”應(yīng)用介詞in， 因此在修飾先行詞play的限定性定語從句中也應(yīng)用介詞in與指代先行詞play的關(guān)系代詞which連用， 本題只能選C。注意： 本題中which充當(dāng)置于定語從句中最前面的介詞in的賓語(in which在整個(gè)定語從句中充當(dāng)狀語)。

　　[考題8] I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ____ she had come. (2006重慶)

　　A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which

　　[答案] D

　　[解析] 表示“從他來的方向跑回去”， 應(yīng)選用介詞from。下劃線處是引導(dǎo)修飾direction的定語從句。

　　[考題9] Frank’s dream was to have his own shop ____ to produce the workings of his own hands. (2005湖南)

　　A. that B. in which C.by which D.how

　　[答案] B

　　[解析] 題干句意為： Frank的夢(mèng)想是擁有一家可以生產(chǎn)自己的手工制品的商店。in which相當(dāng)于in the shop的含義， 最適合引導(dǎo)定語從句。

　　[考題10] I was given three books on cooking, the first ____ I really enjoyed. (2006浙江)

　　A. of that B. of which C. that D. which

　　[答案] B

　　[解析] of which表示the first of three books的含義， 介詞of不可以省略， that不可以緊跟介詞后引導(dǎo)定語從句， 因此應(yīng)選B。

　　[考題11] He was educated at a local grammar school, ____ he went on to Cambridge. (2005山東)

　　A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this

　　[答案] C

　　[解析] this不能引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾前面的school， 介詞后的關(guān)系代詞不能是that(“考點(diǎn)72： that引導(dǎo)的定語從句的用法”中將有此考點(diǎn)的具體介紹)， 因此應(yīng)排除選項(xiàng)B和D; 由于此處which 指代前面整個(gè)主句， 全句意為“他在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰�語法學(xué)校接受教育之后， 又去了劍橋。”， 介詞應(yīng)選用 after， 因此應(yīng)進(jìn)一步排除選項(xiàng)A而選出C。