定語從句what的用法

　　定語從句中能不能用what?如果可以，那么大家知道怎么用？下面是小編為大家整理的定語從句what的用法，希望能夠幫助到大家。

　　what是不能引導(dǎo)定語從句的.that可以引導(dǎo)定語從句.

　　what只能用來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,比如主語從句,如：What he said was not ture.（他說的不是真的.） 或者賓語從句,如：I don't believe what he said.（我不相信他說的話.）而定語從句屬于形容詞從句.

　　（that可以引導(dǎo)的從句類型較多,只回答在定語從句中的用法.）

　　that作為關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾其先行詞.如：All that glitters is not gold.（發(fā)光的不都是金子）定語從句that glitters修飾先行詞all,起形容詞作用,所以定語從句屬于形容詞從句.在這句話中,that其實(shí)是代替了先行詞all,在從句中作glitter的主語.

　　that也可以在從句中作賓語,有時(shí)可以省略掉,如：The car (that) I hired broke down after five kilometers.(我租來的車五公里后就拋錨了.）that替代car,在從句that I hired中作hire的賓語.

　　你可以比較以下一組句子.

　　What I said is true.我說的是實(shí)話.（what引導(dǎo)名詞從句,在句中作主語,what前沒有任何東西）

　　All that I said is true.我說的一切是實(shí)話.（that引導(dǎo)定語從句,在句中作定語,all是先行詞,that I said修飾all）

　　定語從句中能不能用what?

　　定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語,修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞,被修飾的`名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞.定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后,由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出.

　　關(guān)系代詞有：who,whom,whose,that,which等.

　　關(guān)系副詞有：when,where,why等.

　　關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

　　關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分.關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致.

　　1）who,whom,that

　　這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下：

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　他就是你想見的人嗎?（who/that在從句中作主語）

　　He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人.（whom/that在從句中作賓語）

　　2) Whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語,若指物,它還可以同of which互換）,例如：

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙.

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書.

　　3）which,that

　　它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如：

　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮.（which / that在句中作賓語）

　　The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了.(which/that在句中作賓語）

　　關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

　　關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語.

　　1）when,where,why

　　關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用,例如：

　　There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候.

　　Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地.

　　Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?

　　2）that代替關(guān)系副詞

　　that可以用于表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when,where,why和"介詞+ which"引導(dǎo)的定語從句,在口語中that常被省略,例如：

　　His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了.

　　He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方.

　　1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything

　　What you want has been sent here.

　　Whatever you want makes no difference to me.

　　2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who

　　（錯(cuò)）Who breaks the law will be punished.

　�。ㄥe(cuò)）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.

　�。▽�(duì)）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.

　�。▽�(duì)）Who robbed the bank is not clear.

　　3) that 和 what

　　當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí) ，通常用作關(guān)系代詞，而引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，是個(gè)不充當(dāng)任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that�？墒÷�。What只能引導(dǎo)名詞性從 句， 用作連接代詞，作從句的具體成分，且不能省略。

　　I think (that) you will like the stamps.

　　What we need is more practice.