中考英語必背詞語辨析、詞組和句型

　　在中考英語考試中，很多詞語容易被大家混淆，試題考查詞語辨析主要是為了檢測同學們辨別詞形和運用詞匯的能力，下面YJBYS小編為大家搜索整理了關于中考英語必背詞語辨析、詞組和句型，歡迎參考借鑒，希望對大家備考有所幫助!想了解更多相關信息請持續(xù)關注我們應屆畢業(yè)生培訓網!

　　中考英語必背詞語辨析20組

　　詞語辨析集中在對實詞，即對名詞動詞、形容詞、副詞等的考查，主要考查同義、近義、形近詞匯的辨析以及詞組與習慣用法的辨析。

　　1. after, in

　　這兩個介詞都可以表示“……(時間)以后”的意思?

　　after 以過去為起點，表示過去一段時間之后，常用于過去時態(tài)的句子中?如：She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的?

　　in 以現(xiàn)在為起點，表將來一段時間以后，常用于將來時態(tài)的句子中?如：She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走?

　　2. how long, how often, how soon

　　how long指多長時間，主要用來對一段時間(如three days, four weeks 等)提問?如：How long ago was it? 這是多久前的事了?

　　how often指每隔多久，主要用來對頻率副詞或狀語(如once a week等)提問?如：—How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久來一次?每月一次?

　　how soon指再過多久，主要用來對表示將來的一段時間(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提問?如：How soon can you come? 你多快能趕來?

　　3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some

　　few 和little的意思是否定的，表示“很少”或“幾乎沒有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的，表示“有一些，有一點兒”?

　　few 和 a few修飾可數(shù)名詞;little 和 a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞?

　　several用于修飾可數(shù)名詞，語意比a few和some更肯定，含有“好幾個”的意思?

　　some可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞，從數(shù)量上說，它有時相當于a few 或 a little,有時指更多一些的數(shù)量?

　　4. the other, another

　　the other 指兩個人或事物中的“另一個”，表示特指?如：We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我們站在街這邊，他們站在那邊?

　　another著重于不定數(shù)目中的“另外一個”，表示泛指，所以常用來指至少三個中的一個?如：She has taken another of my books. 她已經拿了我的另外一本書?

　　5. spend, take, cost, pay

　　spend的賓語通常是時間?金錢?在主動語態(tài)中，句子的主語必須是人，而且后面不能用動詞不定式做它的賓語?如：She spent the whole evening in reading. 她把整個晚上用來讀書?

　　take常常用來指“花費”時間，句子的主語通常是表示事物的詞語?如：How long will this job take you?你做這項工作要花多長時間?

　　cost 指花費時間?金錢或力氣等，只能用表示事物的詞做主語，并且不能用于被動語態(tài)?如：How much does the jacket cost?這件夾克多少錢?

　　pay 主要指主語(某人)買某物(或為某事)付多少錢(給某人)?如：I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金?

　　6. speak, say, talk, tell

　　這四個動詞都有“說”的意思?speak的意思是“講話;演講”，著重指說話的動作，指開口說或連續(xù)不斷地說，多用作不及物動詞;用作及物動詞時，其賓語是語言名稱?如：He can speak Japanese. 他會說日語?

　　say的意思是“說;講”，一般用作及物動詞，著重指說話的內容?它的賓語可以是名詞?代詞或直接引語等?如：She says, “Don’t draw on the wall!”她說：“別在墻上畫畫!”

　　talk的意思是“說;講;談話”，與speak意義比較接近，但不如speak正式，著重強調兩人之間的相互談話，也可指單方面的談話?如：She is talking with John in English。她正在和約翰用英語交談?

　　tell意為“告訴;講述;吩咐”，多指以口頭方式將某事告訴某人，常接雙賓語?除了story, news, truth, joke, lie(謊言)等直接賓語外，還可以接人等間接賓語?如：She is telling the children a story。她正在給孩子們講故事?

　　7. among, between

　　between 的意思是“在……中間，在……之間”，一般指在兩者之間?如：There is a table between two windows. 在兩扇窗戶之間有一張桌子?between 有時也表示在多于兩個以上的事物之間，但那是指在每二者之間?如：the relationship between different provinces and municiplities 省市和省市之間的關系(這里是指每兩個省市之間的相互關系?)

　　among 的意思是“在……中間?在……之中”，一般指在三個或三個以上的同類事物之中?如：The teacher distributed them among the students. 老師把這些東西分給了學生?

　　8. beat, win

　　這兩個詞都有“獲勝，打敗”的意思，但其后賓語不同?beat是“打敗，優(yōu)于”的意思，后面接人或隊?如：We beat them. 我們打敗了他們?

　　win指“贏，獲勝”，后面接比賽?名次?如：We won the match/game/race/the first place. 我們贏了這場比賽(獲得了第一名)?

　　9. agree with, agree on, agree to

　　agree on表示“就……取得一致意見”?如：We all agree on (making) an early start. 我們一致同意及早出發(fā)?

　　agree with表示“與……意見一致”，后面既可以跟表示人的名詞或人稱代詞，也可以跟表示意見?看法的名詞或what引導的從句?如：I agree with you without reservation。我毫無保留地同意你的意見?We agree with what you said just now。我們同意你剛才所說的意見?

　　agree to后面不能接人，只能接“提議，計劃，方案”等詞句?如：I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意擬議的條件?

　　10. bring, take, carry,fetch

　　這四個詞都是動詞，都含有“帶”或“拿”的.意思，但使用的場合各不相同?

　　bring作“帶來，拿來”解?如：Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work. 下次不要忘了把一份你的作品帶給我?

　　take是bring的對語，作“帶去，拿去”解?如：Take the box away, please. 請把盒子拿走?

　　carry表示“運載，攜帶”之意，運送的方式很多，可以用車?船，也可以用手甚至用頭?如：This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers. 這輛巴士準載一百人?

　　fetch則表示“去拿來”的意思?如：Please fetch me the documents in that room. 請到那間房間去把文件拿來給我?

　　11. each, every

　　兩詞都是“每個”的意思，但著重點不同?each著重個別的情況，every著重全體，有“所有的”的意思?如：She knows each student of the class。她認識這個班里的每一個學生?She knows every student of the class。她認識這個班所有的學生?

　　12. no one, none

　　no one指“沒有人(只能指人，不能用來指物)”，意思與nobody相同，作主語時不必跟of連用，如：No one believes him since he is not honest. 沒有人相信他，因為他不誠實?No one else but I went. 除我以外，誰也沒去?

　　none指“一個也沒有(既可指人，也可指物)”，作主語時代替不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;代替可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單?復數(shù)都可以?但在 “主+系+表”結構中，如果表語為復數(shù)，則系動詞要用復數(shù)形式?如：None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties. 我們誰也不怕困難?

　　13. go on doing, go on to do, go on with

　　這三個動詞短語都有“繼續(xù)做某事”的意思，其區(qū)別如下：go on doing表示“繼續(xù)做，一直在做某事(中間無間斷)”;go on to do表示“接著做某事”，即某事已做完，接著做另一件事;go on with也表示“繼續(xù)做某事”，其含義是某一動作一度中止后，又繼續(xù)下去?

　　14. too much, much too

　　二者都有“太，非常”之意，much too為副詞詞組，修飾形容詞?副詞，不可修飾動詞?如：It’s much too cold。天氣實在是太冷了?

　　too much作“太多”講，有以下三種用法?

　　(1)作名詞詞組?如：You have given us too much. 你給我們的太多了?

　　(2)作形容詞詞組修飾不可數(shù)名詞?如：Don’t drink too

　　much wine. 不要飲太多的酒?

　　(3)作副詞詞組修飾不及物動詞?如：She talks too much. 她說話太多?

　　15. lonely, alone

　　二者都可表示“孤獨，獨自”，alone指客觀存在的“孤獨”，而lonely更偏重一種主觀感受上的“寂寞”?如：I went alone. 我是一個人去的?Mary lived alone, but she didn’t feel lonely. 瑪麗孤身一人生活，但她并不感到孤獨?

　　16. happen, take place與occur

　　happen有“偶然”的意思，多用于客觀事物?情況的發(fā)生?如：Whatever has happened to your arm? It’s all swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?腫得好歷害, 本空間名為騰訊認證(蔡章兵主編QQ757722345)空間，本空間每天都有5篇左右資源更新，你只須點擊空間頂部“關注”并設置為特 別關心，就會收到每天更新的信息， 歡迎加微信czbqsyy收聽更多信息。

　　occur 指有計劃地使某些事“發(fā)生”?有時強調“呈現(xiàn)”于人的知覺中?如：Did it occur to you to phone them about it?你難道沒想到就這事給他們打個電話?

　　具體事物?事件作主語時，happen和occur可以通用?如：The accident happened/occurred yesterday. 事故是昨天發(fā)生的?

　　take place 指事件發(fā)生，但常用來表示“舉行”的意思，帶有非偶然性?例如：The meeting took place last night。會議昨晚舉行?

　　17. in front of, in the front of

　　in front of的意思是“在……前面”?如：There is a tree in front of the house。房子前面有一棵樹?

　　in the front of的意思是“在……前部”，指在某個空間范圍內的前面?如：There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室里前部有一塊黑板?

　　18. find, find out

　　兩者都有“發(fā)現(xiàn)”的意思，但語義有差別?find有偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)某物的意味?如：He found a bag on the floor. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上有個書包?

　　find out指“經過，探聽，詢問”，指調查之后的“發(fā)現(xiàn)”或“弄清楚”?如：Please find out who took my book by mistake。請查清楚誰錯拿了我的書?

　　19. noise, voice, sound

　　這三個詞都作“聲音”解，在表示“聽到聲音”這個意思時，三者可以通用?但它們又各有特定的含義?

　　sound 作“聲音”解，含義最廣，指可以聽到的任何聲音，如：a weak sound 微弱的聲?

　　noise作“噪音，嘈雜聲，吵鬧聲”解，指不悅耳，不和諧的聲音?它既可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞?如：Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一種污染是噪音?

　　voice 作“聲音”解時，多指人發(fā)出的聲音，包括說話聲?歌聲和笑聲?如：He shouted at the top of voice. 他高聲呼喊?有時也用于引申意義，作“意見?發(fā)言權”解?如：I have no voice in the matter. 對于這件事，我沒有發(fā)言權?

　　20. arrive, get, reach

　　三者均可表示“到達”，arrive后通常接介詞at(一般用于較小的地方)或 in(一般用于較大的地方)?如：We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我們晚了5分鐘到車站?又如：They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他們將于下周星期一到達巴黎.

　　get之后通常接介詞to?如：When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我們到達公園時，就開始下雨了.

　　reach是及物動詞(較 get更正式)，其后可直接跟地點名詞做賓語(不能用介詞)?如：He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到達北京.

　　中考必考詞組、句型100例

　　1. want to do sth. 想做某事

　　Eg. I want to go to school.

　　2. want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事

　　Eg. . I want my son to go to school.welcome to sp歡迎到某地

　　3. be different from 與---不同

　　Eg. The weather in Beijing is different from that of Nanjing.

　　4. be the same as 與……相同

　　Eg. His trousers are the same as mine.

　　5. be friendly to sb. 對某人友好

　　Eg. Mr. Wang is very friendly to us.

　　6.welcome t

　　Eg. Welcome to China.

　　7. What’s the matter with sb./ sth? 出什么毛病了?

　　Eg. What’s the matter with your watch?

　　8. what to do 做什么

　　Eg. We don’t know what to do next.

　　9. let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事

　　Eg. Let him enter the room.

　　10. let sb. not do sth. 讓某人不做某人

　　Eg. Let him not stand in the rain.

　　11. why don’t you do sth? 怎么不做某事呢? =

　　Eg. Why don’t you play football with us?

　　12. why not do sth.? 怎么不做某事呢?

　　Eg. Why not play football with us?

　　13. make sb. sth. 為某人制造某物=

　　Eg. My father made me a kite.

　　14. make sth for sb. 為某人制造某物

　　Eg. My father made a kite for me.

　　15. What …mean by …?做……是什么意思?

　　Eg. What do you mean by doing that?

　　16. like doing sth. 喜愛做某事

　　Eg. Jim likes swimming.

　　17. like to do sth.喜愛做某事

　　Eg. He doesn’t like to swim now.

　　18. feel like doing sth. 想做某事

　　Eg. I feel like eating bananas.

　　19. would like to do sth. 愿意做某事

　　Eg. Would you like to go rowing with me?

　　20. would like sb. to do sth. 愿意某人做某事

　　Eg. I’d like you to stay with me tonight.

　　21. make sb. do sth. 逼使某人做某事

　　Eg. His brother often makes him stay in the sun.

　　22. let sb. do sth.讓某人做某事

　　Eg. Let me sing a song for you.

　　23. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

　　Eg. You shouldn’t have the students work so hard.

　　24. be far from sp離某地遠

　　Eg. His school is far from his home.

　　25. be near to sp離某地近

　　Eg. The hospital is near to the post office.

　　26. be good at sth./doing sth.擅長某事/做某事

　　Eg. We are good at English.

　　They are good at boating.

　　27. It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花多少時間做某事

　　Eg. It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes.

　　28. sb. spends some time/money (in )doing sth.某人花多少時間做某事

　　Eg. I spent twenty years in writing the novel.

　　29. sb. spends some time/money on sth.某事花了某人多少時間/金錢

　　Eg. Jim spent 1000 yuan on the bike.

　　30. sth. costs sb. some money.某物花了某人多少錢

　　Eg. The bike cost Jim 1000 yuan.

　　31. sb. pays some money for sth.某人為某物付了多少錢

　　Eg. Jim paid 1000 yuan for the bike.

　　32. begin/start with sth. 開始做某事

　　Eg. The started the meeting with a song.

　　33. be going to do sth. 打算做某事

　　Eg. We are going to study in Japan.

　　34. call A B叫A B

　　Eg. They called the village Gumtree.

　　35. thank sb. for sth./doing sth.感謝某人做某事

　　Eg. Thank you for your help.

　　Thank you for helping me.

　　36. What ……for? 為什么

　　Eg. What do you learn English for?

　　37. How/ what about doing sth.?做某事怎么樣?

　　Eg. How about going fishing?

　　38. S +be+ the+最高級+of/in短語=

　　Eg. Lucy is the tallest in her class.

　　39. S + be +比較級+than any other + n.

　　Eg. Lucy is taller than any other student in her class.

　　40. have to do sth.不得不做某事

　　Eg. I have to go home now.

　　41. had better do sth. 最好做某事

　　Eg. You’d better study hard at English.

　　42. had better not do sth. 最好別做某事

　　Eg. You’d better not stay up.

　　43. help sb. to do sth. 幫助某人做某事

　　Eg. Lucy often helps Lily to wash her clothes.

　　44. help sb. do sth.幫助某人做某事

　　Eg. He usually helps me learn English.

　　45. help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事

　　Eg. I sometimes help my mother with the housework.

　　46. make it +時間把時間定在幾點

　　Eg. Let’s make it 8:30.

　　47. take sb. to sp帶某人到某地

　　Eg. Mr. Wang will take us to the Summer Palace next Sunday.

　　49. have nothing to do (with sb)與某人沒有關系

　　Eg. That has nothing to do with me.

　　50. 主語+ don’t think + 從句 認為……不……

　　Eg. I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.

　　51. It’s + adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 做某事對某人來說怎么樣

　　Eg. It is lucky for you to go to London.

　　52. How + adj/ adv + 主+ 謂!多么……啊!

　　Eg. How beautiful the flower is!

　　53. what + a/an + adj + [ ] + 主+ 謂!

　　Eg. What an beautiful flower it is!

　　54. What + adj+ pl./[u] +主+ 謂!

　　Eg. What bad weather it is today!

　　55. find it + adj+ to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事如何

　　Eg. I find it hard to speak English well!

　　56. ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物

　　Eg. They often ask me for money.

　　57. need to do sth. 需要做某事

　　Eg. You need to study hard.

　　58. need sth需要某物

　　Eg. I don’t need your money.

　　59. use A to do B用A來做B

　　Eg. We use pens to write.

　　60. show sb. Sth給某人看某物=

　　Eg. Please show me the map.

　　61.show sth. to sb. 把某物給某人看

　　Eg. Please show the map to me.

　　62. pass sb. sth. 把某物遞給某人=

　　Eg. Pass me the cup of tea.

　　63. pass sth. to sb.把某物遞給某人

　　Eg. Pass the cup of tea to me.

　　64. buy sb. sth. 為某人買某物=

　　Eg. Mother bought me a bike.

　　65. buy sth. for sb. 為某人買某物

　　Eg. Mother bought a bike for me.

　　66.give sb. sth把某物給某人=

　　Eg. Jim gave me an English dictionary.

　　67. give sth. to sb. 把某物給某人

　　Eg. Jim gave an English dictionary to me.

　　68. get to sp達到某地 =

　　Eg. I got to Beijing on the morning of May 1st.

　　69. arrive at /in sp 達到某地=

　　Eg. I arrived in Beijing on the morning of May 1st.

　　70. reach sp達到某地

　　Eg. I reached Beijing on the morning of May 1st.

　　71. hope to do sth.希望某人做某事

　　Eg. I hope to see you soon.

　　72. there is sth. wrong with sth./sb. 某物出設么毛病了=

　　Eg. There is something wrong my car.

　　73. sth. is wrong with ……某物出設么毛病了

　　Eg. Something is wrong with my car.

　　74. How do you like sth? 你認為……怎么樣?=

　　Eg. How do you like Beijing?

　　75.What do you think of sth.? 你認為……怎么樣?

　　Eg. What do you think of Beijing?

　　76. start doing sth. 開始做某事

　　Eg. I started learning English in 1983.

　　77. start to do sth.開始做某事

　　Eg. I started to watch TV after finishing my homework.

　　78.finish doing sth. 完成作某事

　　Eg. I finished cleaning my car just now.

　　79. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事

　　Eg. They all enjoy living and working in China.

　　80.What / when / where / who / something / anything / nothing else ……

　　別的什么/何時/何地/誰……

　　Eg. What else do you want to buy?

　　Where else have you gone?

　　Who else have you played with?

　　I have nothing else to tell you.

　　Would you like something else?

　　81. forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事了

　　Eg. I forgot turning off the lights. Look, it is dark in the room.

　　82. forget to do sth. 忘了做某事了

　　Eg. I forgot to turn off the lights.Could you go back and shut the off?

　　83. remember doing sth. 記得做過某事了

　　Eg. I remembered returning your money. You are so forgetful.

　　84. remember to do sth. 記住做某事

　　Eg. Remember to bring me some money. I’ve run out of it.

　　85.stop to do sth.停下來去做某事

　　Eg. He stopped to talk with Mary when she enter the office.

　　86. stop doing sth. 停止做某事

　　Eg. The students stopped talking when the teachet came in.

　　87. watch/see/hear sb. do sth.觀看/看見/聽見某人做某事

　　Eg. I saw you pick an apple just now.

　　88. watch/see/hear sb. doing sth.觀看/看見/聽見某人在做某事

　　Eg. I saw you playing basketball with your classmates on the playground last Sunday.

　　89. go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)作謀事

　　Eg. He went on reading after a short rest.

　　90.go on to do sth. 繼續(xù)作謀事

　　Eg. He went on to read after finishing wash the dishes.

　　91. go on with sth. 繼續(xù)某事

　　Eg. He went on with his work after a short rest.

　　92. say hello/goodbye to sb. 向某人告別

　　Eg.I came to say good-bye to you.

　　93. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

　　Eg. They are busy planting trees on the hill.

　　94. be interested in sth. 對某事感興趣

　　Eg. English is very interesting. We are all interested in it.

　　95. tell sb. to do sth. 告訴某人做某事

　　Eg. Mother told me to go shopping with her.

　　96. ask sb. to do sth. 請某人做某事

　　Eg. Jim ask me to go rowing with him.

　　97. call/ring sb. up給某人打電話

　　Eg. I will call you up tommow.

　　98. be ready to do sth. 準備做某事

　　Eg. We are ready to have lunch.

　　99. go doing sth. 去做某事

　　Eg. Let’s go fishing.

　　100. prefer A/doing A to B/doing B 喜歡A/做A而非B/做B

　　Eg. Lucy prefers English to French.

　　I prefer staying at home to going to the cinema.