非限制性定語從句講解
非限制性定語從句講解
非限定性定語從句起補(bǔ)充說明作用,缺少也不會(huì)影響全句的理解,它與主句往往用逗號(hào)隔開。分享了非限制性定語從句的講解給同學(xué)們,希望對(duì)你有所幫助!
非限制性定語從句也是定語從句的一種,在高中語法知識(shí)中它也是非常重要的一項(xiàng)的,老師們對(duì)于非限定性定語從句的講解也是非常重視的。因?yàn)樵诳荚囍薪?jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)該從句的講解,下面大家就跟隨小編一起來了解該從句的講解。
說到非限定性定語從句的講解,還要分成不同的部分,首先大家要知道就得就是該從句的作用是什么。其實(shí)它在句子中是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的成分,不會(huì)受到主句的限制,把從句去掉之后,主句仍然是成立的。這也是為什么它會(huì)叫做非限定性定語從句。其次,大家要了解該從句的形式:非限制性定語從句與先行詞以及主句之間的關(guān)系不甚緊密,因而通常要用逗號(hào)與主句分隔開。例如:
Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?
你看過“泰坦尼克號(hào)”這部電影嗎?它的男主演可是世界聞名的。
My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.
我有位朋友,他一輩子服務(wù)于國際奧林匹克委員會(huì),下個(gè)月就要退休了。
在非限制性定語從句也分成不同的種類,在不同情況下,該從句的使用方法也是不一樣的,在考試中經(jīng)常會(huì)考察大家對(duì)于該從句不同類型的運(yùn)用。如果大家不能很好的掌握這些用法,在考試的時(shí)候就一定會(huì)丟分了,下面就是關(guān)于該從句不同類型的介紹:
(1) who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
Our guide,who was a French Canadian,was an excellent cook.我們的向?qū),一個(gè)法裔加拿大人,擅長于烹調(diào)。
My gardener,who is very pessimistic,says that there will be no apples this year.我家的園丁非常悲觀,他說今年將不結(jié)蘋果。
(2) whom引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
關(guān)系代詞whom用于指人,在句中作動(dòng)詞賓語和介詞賓語,作介詞賓語時(shí),介詞可位于句末。如:
Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.彼得現(xiàn)在回巴黎了,你在倫敦見過他。
Mr Smith,from whom I have learned a lot,is a famous scientist.史密斯先生是一位著名的科學(xué)家,我從他那兒學(xué)了許多東西。
(3) whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
whose是關(guān)系代詞who的.所有格形式,在從句中作定語。whose通常指人,也可指動(dòng)物或無生命的事物。如:
The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩學(xué)習(xí)很努力,他的父親是位工程師。
Above the trees are the mountains whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在樹林的高處是山,其壯麗的景色完全映照在河面上。The play,whose style is rigidly formal,is typical of the period.這劇本是那個(gè)時(shí)期的典型作品,風(fēng)格拘謹(jǐn)刻板。
(4) which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
關(guān)系代詞which在非限制性定語從句中所指代和修飾的可以是主句中的名詞、形容詞、短語、其他從句或整個(gè)主句,在從句中作主語、動(dòng)詞賓語、介詞賓語或表語。
、 which指代主句中的名詞,被指代的名詞包括表示物、嬰兒或動(dòng)物的名詞、表示單數(shù)意義的集體名詞以及表示職業(yè)、品格等的名詞。如:
These apple trees,which I planted three years ago,have not borne any fruit.這些蘋果樹是我三年前栽的,還沒有結(jié)過果實(shí)。
She is an artist,which I am not.她是一位藝術(shù)家,而我不是。
Water,which is a clear liquid,has many uses.水是一種清澈的液體,有許多用途。
The two policemen were completely trusted,which in fact they were.那兩個(gè)警察完全受到信任,事實(shí)上,也真是如此。
、 which指代主句中的形容詞。如:
She was very patient towards the children,which her husband seldom was.她對(duì)孩子們很耐心,她丈夫卻很少這樣。
She is always careless,which we should not be. 她總是馬虎大意,我們可不應(yīng)該這樣。
③ which指代主句中的某個(gè)從句。如:
He said that he had never seen her before,which was not true.他說以前從沒見過她,這不是真的。
、 which指代整個(gè)主句。如:
In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.在那么多人面前他有點(diǎn)緊張,這是可以理解的。
He may have acute appendicitis,in which case he will have to be operated on.他可能得了急性盲腸炎,如果是這樣,他就得動(dòng)手術(shù)。
When deeply absorbed in work,which he often was,he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 他經(jīng)常聚精會(huì)神地工作,這時(shí)他會(huì)廢寢忘食。
(5) when引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
關(guān)系副詞when在非限制性定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語,指代主句中表示時(shí)間的詞語。如:
He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.他將把郊游推遲到5月1號(hào),那時(shí)他將有空。
(6) where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
關(guān)系副詞where在非限制性定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,指代主句中表示地點(diǎn)的詞語。如:
They went to London,where they lived for six months.他們?nèi)チ藗惗,在那兒呆了六個(gè)月的時(shí)間。
They reached there yesterday, where a negotiation of sale will be held.他們昨天抵達(dá)那里, 有一個(gè)關(guān)于銷售的談判在那兒舉行。
(7) as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
as引出非限定性定語從句時(shí),代替整個(gè)主句,對(duì)其進(jìn)行說明但通常用于像as we allaknow, as it is know, as is know to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。as在非限定性定語從句中作主語、表語或賓語,且引出的從句位置比較靈活,可位于句首或句末,也可置于主句中間。通常均由逗號(hào)將其與主句隔開。as有“正如……, 就像……”之意。 如:
As it known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American writer.美國人都知道,馬克?吐溫是一位偉大的美國作家。(as在從句中作主語)
He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘了帶筆,這是常事。(as在從句中作主語)
He is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他正在全神貫注地工作,他過去經(jīng)常這樣。(as在從句中作表語)
Boy as he was, he was chosen king. 他雖是孩子,卻被選為國王。(as在從句中作表語)
as we all know, the earth is round.眾所周知,地球是圓的。 (as在從句中作賓語)
The two brothers were satisfied with this decision,as was agreed beforehand.兩兄弟對(duì)此決定都滿意,這項(xiàng)決定在事前都已得到他們的同意。(as在從句中作主語)
Taiwan is,as you know,an inseparable part of China.你知道,臺(tái)灣是中國不可分割的一部分。(as在從句中作賓語)
(8)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句 在介詞后引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。關(guān)系代詞which有時(shí)并不代表主句中某一確定的詞,而是概括整個(gè)主句的意思。介詞的選擇取決于它與先行詞的搭配或與從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的搭配。
They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines,without which the yield would be halved. 他們?nèi)贝钇咸鸭艿臈U兒,沒有它們產(chǎn)量會(huì)減少一半。
They thanked Tom,without whose support they would not have succeeded.這些鄰居是北京來的,昨天我被介紹同他們認(rèn)識(shí)了。
(9)“名詞/代詞+of+which / whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
It now has 20,000 hectares of land,more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation. 現(xiàn)在它擁有兩萬公頃土地,其中三分之二之多已經(jīng)耕種。
Light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300.000 kilometeThere are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.大廳里有三十把椅子,絕大部分是新的。
he textile mill has over 8,000 workers and staff,eighty per cent of whom are women. 這家紡織廠有8千多職工,女職工占百分之八十。
通過對(duì)該從句的講解,大家可以看出,它的種類真的是非常多,不同的詞語引導(dǎo)的從句用法都是不同的,大家要學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分不同用法所表示的含義。雖然該從句在選擇題中考察的非常多,但是大家在閱讀題中也會(huì)看見這樣的從句,所以說,大家學(xué)習(xí)語法知識(shí)并不只是為了語法的題目,它對(duì)于大家整個(gè)英語水平的提升都是非常有幫助的。除此之外大家還要注意一些非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的特殊情況:
1.非限制性定語從句不可用that引導(dǎo), 在非限制性定語從句中用who(作主語) / whom(作賓語)指人,用which(作主語 / 賓語)指物, 用whose作定語(指人 / 物)。例如:
The famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
這位試圖打反擊的著名籃球明星吸引了眾人的關(guān)注。
The film, whose director is an old man, is very instructive.
這部電影很有教育意義, 它的導(dǎo)演是位老人。
2.關(guān)系代詞在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時(shí)不可省略,若指人時(shí),只用whom,不用who。例如:
York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.
我去年訪問過的約克是個(gè)古老而美麗的城市。
Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just now.
請(qǐng)把這本書交給杰西卡,就是剛才我們在大廳里遇到的那位。
3.非限制性定語從句不可用why引導(dǎo), 需用for which替代why。例如:
None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent.
我們沒有一個(gè)人接受他所解釋的缺席的理由。
版權(quán)聲明:本文內(nèi)容由互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶自發(fā)貢獻(xiàn),該文觀點(diǎn)僅代表作者本人。本站僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間服務(wù),不擁有所有權(quán),不承擔(dān)相關(guān)法律責(zé)任。如發(fā)現(xiàn)本站有涉嫌抄襲侵權(quán)/違法違規(guī)的內(nèi)容, 請(qǐng)發(fā)送郵件至 yyfangchan@163.com (舉報(bào)時(shí)請(qǐng)帶上具體的網(wǎng)址) 舉報(bào),一經(jīng)查實(shí),本站將立刻刪除