今天小編就為大家分享一篇高一英語(yǔ)句子成分，具有很好的參考價(jià)值，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助

一馬百符，商人愛(ài)福；七廳六耦，君手維新。

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句子是由詞按照一定的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)組成的，是能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整概念的語(yǔ)言單位.句子的第一個(gè)字母必須大寫(xiě)，結(jié)尾要有“.? !”
I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is !
現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)里一般的句子成分有六種，即主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)的基本成分有七種：
主語(yǔ)(subject)、謂語(yǔ)(predicate)、表語(yǔ)(predicative)、賓語(yǔ)(object)、定語(yǔ)(attribute)、 狀語(yǔ)(adverbial)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(complement)。
1)主語(yǔ)：主語(yǔ)是在句子中說(shuō)明全句中心主題的部分.一般由名詞，代詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞或從句充當(dāng).它的位置一般在句首.
The girl is pretty. Reading is useful. To see is to believe.
They are good friends.
句子成分練習(xí)題( 一 )
(一). 指出下列句中主語(yǔ)的中心詞
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
2) 謂語(yǔ)：謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做什么，是什么，怎么樣，由簡(jiǎn)單動(dòng)詞或者動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成.
They are teachers. She looks well.
He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates.
He can speak English.
(二) 選出句中謂語(yǔ)的中心詞
① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
A. get B. longer C. days D. summer
③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus
④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?
A.Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast
⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework
⑦ What I want to tell you is this.
A. want B. to tell C. you D. is
⑧ We had better send for a doctor.
A. We B. had C. send D. doctor
⑨ He is interested in music.
A. is B. interested C. in D. music
⑩ Whom did you give my book to?
A. give B.did C. whom D. book
3) 表語(yǔ)：表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么，或者怎么樣，由名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，短語(yǔ)，或者從句充當(dāng).表語(yǔ)位于系動(dòng)詞后面.
I am a teacher. She is happy.
Everybody is here. They are at home now.
My job is to teach English. Seeing is believing.
(三) 挑出下列句中的表語(yǔ)
① The old man was feeling very tired.
② Why is he worried about Jim?
③ The leaves have turned yellow.
④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.
⑤ She was the first to learn about it.
4) 賓語(yǔ): 賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作，行為的對(duì)象，由名詞，代詞，短語(yǔ)，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，從句充當(dāng).它和及物動(dòng)詞一起說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)做了什么，在謂語(yǔ)之后.
She plays the piano. He often helps me.
I like watching TV. She likes to go to shop this afternoon.
I think that he is good guy.
(四) 挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class?
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?
⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
⑦ They made him monitor of the class.
⑧ Go acrothe bridge and you will find the museum on the left.
⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.
⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.
劃出句中的直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)
① Please tell us a story.
② My father bought a new bike for me last week.
③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.
④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.
⑤ Did he leave any message for me?
5) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：在英語(yǔ)中，有些句子只有賓語(yǔ)并不能表達(dá)完整的意思，還必須在賓語(yǔ)后面家上賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思.它起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)干什么，怎么樣的作用.它可以由名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞充當(dāng).
If you let me go, I’ll make you king. Leave the door open.
We found John out when we arrived. Make yourself at home.
I saw him enter the hall. The bokeeps them working all day.
I heard my name called.
(五) 挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
① She likes the children to read newspa-pe-rs and books in the reading-room.
② He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③ She found it difficult to do the work.
④ They call me Lily sometimes.
⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.
⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?
6) 狀語(yǔ)：狀語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞.它表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，目的，方式，程度.一般由副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)，也可由從句來(lái)充當(dāng).
He did it carefully. Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.
In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.
I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi. He is writing with a pen.
(六) 挑出下列句中的狀語(yǔ)
① There was a big smile on her face.
② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.
④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.
⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, MiLi hurried off.
⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.
⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
7) 定語(yǔ)： 定語(yǔ)用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞.形容詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，名詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，分詞，從句都可以充當(dāng)定語(yǔ).
The black bike is mine.
What’s your name? A broken vase.
I have 5 books. A sleeping boy.
They made pa-pe-r flowers. The boy in the room is Jack.
I have something to do. It is a swimming pool.
(七) 挑出下列句中的定語(yǔ)
① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.
② What is your given name?
③ On the third lap are Cla1 and Cla3.
④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.
⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!
Exercise
指出下列句子中劃線部分的句子成分：
1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .
2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .
3. That was how they were defeated.
4.The nursery takes good care of our children .
5.I’ll return the book to you tomorrow .
6.We are sure that we shall succeed .
7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .
8.There are many film that I’d like to see.
9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?
10.I have a lot of work to do .
11.Anyway I won’t stop you from doing it .
12.I said it in fun .
13.We can send a car over to fetch you .
14.She had to work standing up .
15.Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried .
16.Much interested , he agreed to give it a try .
17.The bus arrived ten minutes late .
18.We should serve the people heart and soul.
19.Spring coming on , the tree turned green .
20.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .
21.We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting .
22.It’s strange that she doesn’t come today .
23.It was in the library that I come today .
24.He likes drawing at times when he isn’t working .
25.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.