英語四級語法全解

　　語法是學(xué)習(xí)一門語言必備的技能，學(xué)好語法能更好掌握一門語言，以下是小編給大家?guī)�來的英語四級語法全解，歡迎閱讀，希望對你有幫助

　　1. 虛擬語氣。

　　強調(diào)說話人的主觀愿望和假想情況�？忌鷳�(yīng)著重復(fù)習(xí)能引起虛擬語氣的某些介詞、介詞短語和連詞(如lest, in case, otherwise等);一部分表示建議、主張、命令、緊要等概念的詞語，由于本身隱含說話人的`主觀愿望，其后的主語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句往往采用“should+動詞原形”;虛擬倒裝句;在would rather, wish, as if, it’s time that等句型中使用適當(dāng)形式表達主觀愿望;混合虛擬句。

　　2. 主謂一致。

　　這類考題靈活性大，需要根據(jù)實際情況判斷謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。一部分具有生命意義的集合名詞做主語時謂語動詞多采用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如people, poultry, militia等;用and連接的成分表單一概念時謂語動詞用單數(shù);就近原則：主語中含有某些連詞(如as well as, besides, in addition to等)時，謂語動詞的數(shù)同第一個主語保持一致。

　　3. 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　表示強調(diào)或突出，分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。那些否定詞(組)、介詞短語能引起倒裝句，部分倒裝和全部倒裝有和區(qū)別，as在倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中的用法及意義等等，都是考生應(yīng)當(dāng)重視的地方。

　　4. 非謂語動詞。

　　這是詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)考試中語法部分的重中之重，解題時可以從三個方面入手：

　�、俑鶕�(jù)非謂語動詞同其所修飾的名詞或邏輯主語的一致關(guān)系，確定使用主動語態(tài)或被動語態(tài)，然后考慮采用現(xiàn)在分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞被動式或過去分詞;

　�、诜侵^語動詞同主句謂語動詞動作發(fā)生的先后關(guān)系。動作正在進行的用現(xiàn)在分詞進行式，同時發(fā)生或不分先后發(fā)生的用現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分詞一般式或過去分詞;在主句謂語動詞之前發(fā)生的用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式、不定式完成式;發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之后的多用不定式一般式;

　　③表狀態(tài)多用分詞，表目的多用不定式。

　　5. 獨立主格題。

　　一般說來，在句子中沒有連接詞的情況下，逗號是無力連接兩個句子的，其中一個分句要么是非謂語形式，要么是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)都做狀語，不同的是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)有自己的邏輯主語。

　　6. 時態(tài)。

　　英語中一共有16個時態(tài)，最常用的5個時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、一般過去式、一般將來時和現(xiàn)在完成時。四級考試中出現(xiàn)最多的考點是將來完成時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時和完成進行時。針對這一題型，考生首先要抓住的就是時間狀語，是現(xiàn)在時間、將來時間還是過去時間?是短暫時間還是延續(xù)性時間?

　　7. 名詞性從句。

　　形容詞性的定語從句是考核的重點，用什么引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)詞前面的介詞形式，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中做什么成分(做賓語、主語還是狀語等)，從句的語序等等均有可能成為考點。此外，主語從句、同位語從句、賓語從句也應(yīng)適當(dāng)復(fù)習(xí)。

　　延伸閱讀：

　　1. I appreciate ________ to your home.

　　A) to be invited

　　B) to have invited

　　C) having invited

　　D) being invited(D)

　　2. I hope my teacher will take my recent illnessinto ________ when judging my examination.

　　A) regard

　　B) counting

　　C) account

　　D) observation(C)

　　3. You ________ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.

　　A) needn’t have done

　　B) must not have done

　　C) shouldn’t have done

　　D) can not have clone(A)

　　4. Important people don’t often have much free time as their work ________ all theirtime.

　　A) takes away

　　B) takes over

　　C) takes up

　　D) takes in(C)

　　5. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon ________it.

　　A) got off

　　B) got across

　　C) got away

　　D) got over(D)

　　6. Many people complain of the rapid ________ of modern life.

　　A) rate

　　B) speed

　　C) pace

　　D) growth(C)

　　7. San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles ________.

　　A) is rarely

　　B) rarely is

　　C) hardly is

　　D) is scarcely(B)

　　8. The speaker, ________ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by theaudience.

　　A) having known

　　B) being known

　　C) knowing

　　D) known(D)

　　9. American women were ________ the right to vote until 1920 after many years ofhard struggle.

　　A) ignored

　　B) neglected

　　C) refused

　　D) denied(D)

　　10. I couldn’t find ________, and so I took this one.

　　A) a large enough coat

　　B) an enough large coat

　　C) a large coat enough

　　D) a coat enough large(A)

　　(1) 改變時態(tài)

　　The bell is ringing now. (一般)

　　There goes the bell! (高級)

　　(2) 改變語態(tài)

　　People suggests that the meeting be put off. (一般)

　　It is suggested that the meeting be put off. (高級)

　　(3 )使用過去分詞

　　Lisa walked out of the room and many guys followed her. (一般)

　　Followed by many guys, Lisa walked out of the lab. (高級)

　　(4) 使用v-ing 形式

　　When she arrives, please give me a call. (一般)

　　On her arriving, please give me a call. (高級)

　　(5) 使用不定式

　　He is so kind that he can do me a favor. (一般)

　　He is so kind as to do me a favor. (高級)

　　(6) 使用虛擬語氣

　　The patient didn’t die because there were the efforts of the doctor. (一般)

　　But for the efforts of the doctor, the patient would have died. (高級)

　　(7) 使用強調(diào)句型

　　I was born in 1987. (一般)

　　It was in 1987 that I was born. (高級)

　　(8) 使用倒裝

　　Though I’m sick, I’ll carry on. (一般)

　　Sick as I am, I’ll carry on. (高級)

　　(9) 使用并列句

　　If you go through the gate, you’ll find me. (一般)

　　Go through the gate, and you’ll find me. (高級)

　　(10) 使用名詞性從句

　　She happened to have met him. (一般)

　　It happened that she had met him. (高級)

　　(11) 使用定語從句

　　The girl is spoken highly of. Her homework was well done. (一般)

　　The girl whose homework was well done is spoken highly of. (高級)

　　(12) 使用狀語從句

　　I won’t believe what he says. (一般)

　　No matter what he says, I won’t believe. (高級)

　　動詞加介詞

　　Vi + prep: prevail on, appeal to, fall into, apply for, touch upon

　　Vt + O + prep: lay emphasis on, take advantage of等

　　Vi + adv + prep:

　　I don’t wish to break in on your thoughts.

　　The family came up against fresh problems.

　　You’re not telling me the whole story. You’re holding out on me.

　　She got off with him soon after she began to work at the institution.

　　Vt + O + adv +prep:

　　You shouldn’t take your resentment out on me.

　　We shouldn’t put the shortage down to bad planning.