定語(yǔ)從句教案
定語(yǔ)從句教案
定語(yǔ)從句教案(一):
一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)
。1)語(yǔ)言目標(biāo):能用定語(yǔ)從句較自如地描述及談?wù)撊撕臀铩T诨顒?dòng)中訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的聽(tīng)力,口頭表達(dá)潛力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的觀察,想象和創(chuàng)造力。
。2)情感目標(biāo):促進(jìn)同學(xué)間用心合作交流,發(fā)展同學(xué)間的友誼 。
2.教學(xué)方法 :多媒體的運(yùn)用能創(chuàng)設(shè)真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言情景,學(xué)生也很感興趣,極大地鼓動(dòng)了學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的用心性,而且呈此刻課堂上能使教學(xué)更生活化,也更直觀和具體。
二、設(shè)計(jì)背景
1. 初步掌握及運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句,如讓學(xué)生用定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)完成對(duì)人物喜歡的人物進(jìn)行描述,如I like music that I can dance to。 She is the only one who’s studying French。等。
2.本課的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)就是能初步掌握及運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句,為了使學(xué)生順利地完成教學(xué)任務(wù),教師以學(xué)生為主體,為學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)了幾個(gè)以他們的認(rèn)知水平出發(fā)的貼合生活實(shí)際的他們感興趣的一環(huán)扣一環(huán)的子任務(wù),每個(gè)子任務(wù)緊緊圍繞總?cè)蝿?wù)展開(kāi),再深入,在一個(gè)一個(gè)完成任務(wù)的活動(dòng)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的潛力。
三、學(xué)法指導(dǎo)、自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)
四、教學(xué)方法
以學(xué)生為主體,用多媒體輔助教學(xué),透過(guò)幫忙學(xué)生理解、歸納、總結(jié)、討論等方式學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句,由于本節(jié)課是學(xué)生第一次系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句,要到達(dá)讓學(xué)生初步掌握定語(yǔ)從句這一目的。
五、教學(xué)過(guò)程
第一環(huán)節(jié): 觀察以下例句:
1。The red pen is broken。
2。The pen on the desk is broken。
3。The pen that I bought yesterday is broken。
導(dǎo)入:透過(guò)對(duì)定語(yǔ)的理解,導(dǎo)入定語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句的概念,定語(yǔ):用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子,當(dāng)修飾詞是一個(gè)句子時(shí)被稱為定語(yǔ)從句。通常置于它所修飾的詞之后,這種被修飾的詞叫做先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等,關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中只用作狀語(yǔ)。
例句分析:
I like to have friends who are like me。
I like to have friends who are different from me。
He is the only one who is studying French。
Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark。
You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep。
He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man。
I like musicians who play different kinds of music。
Another that he found very difficult is grammar。
The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school。
Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do。
I like music that I can sing along with。
I like music that has great lyrics。
I like music that I can dance to。
得出結(jié)論1)當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)
a。 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),用whichthat引導(dǎo),且不能省略。b。 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),用whichthat引導(dǎo),且能夠省略。
2)當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)
a。 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),用whothat引導(dǎo),且不能省略。b。 關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),用whothatwhom引導(dǎo),且能夠省略。
第二環(huán)節(jié):在學(xué)生對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句有了初步的了解后,創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,學(xué)以致用,讓學(xué)生分組活動(dòng),根據(jù)多媒體呈現(xiàn)的情境,有創(chuàng)造性地造句:
This is a singer whothat …
who is a boy。
who is very shy。
who writes his own songs。
who has a song calledQinghuaci。
Who I like best。
It’s an animal thatwhich is very strong。
It’s an animal thatwhich has long nose and big ears。
It’s an animal thatwhich I like very much。
第三環(huán)節(jié):在學(xué)生對(duì)一般的規(guī)律都把握好以后,把學(xué)生的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)和定語(yǔ)從句的考點(diǎn)呈此刻屏幕上,讓學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察并作出總結(jié),該環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)得很好,很好地訓(xùn)練了學(xué)生的觀察潛力和主動(dòng)探究的潛力,效果較好。
仔細(xì)觀察:你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)什么?
1) I prefershoesthat are cool。
2) I likea pizzathat is really delicious。
3) I lovesingerswho are beautiful。
4) I havea friendwho plays sports。
學(xué)生觀察后得出的結(jié)論為:
whothat在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞持續(xù)一致。
第四環(huán)節(jié):小節(jié)本堂課的資料
什么是定語(yǔ)?
什么是定語(yǔ)從句?
定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么?
關(guān)系詞有幾重作用?
此環(huán)節(jié)讓學(xué)生對(duì)所學(xué)的知識(shí)加以升華,并在大腦里構(gòu)成知識(shí)框架,把知識(shí)系統(tǒng)化。
第五五環(huán)節(jié):鞏固練習(xí)---以檢查學(xué)生是否真正掌握本堂課的知識(shí),實(shí)踐證明,學(xué)生掌握得很好。
第六環(huán)節(jié):合作探究
留給學(xué)生的問(wèn)題
1。如果先行詞既有人又有物,用什么關(guān)系詞?
2。如果先行詞是時(shí)光,用什么關(guān)系詞?
3。如果先行詞是地點(diǎn),用什么關(guān)系詞?
4。關(guān)系詞whose怎樣用?
透過(guò)此環(huán)節(jié)給學(xué)生留下思維拓展的空間,也為以后的學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊,體現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)的延續(xù)性。
課堂小結(jié):透過(guò)例子讓學(xué)生總結(jié)定語(yǔ)從句的規(guī)律和特點(diǎn),同時(shí)總結(jié)不一樣關(guān)系詞的用法。在這節(jié)課中,學(xué)生對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句這一語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目有了不一樣程度的鞏固和深化。
六、課后反思:
提倡任務(wù)型教學(xué)活動(dòng),是為了讓學(xué)生們?cè)诮處煹闹笇?dǎo)下,透過(guò)感知,體驗(yàn),實(shí)踐,參與合作等方式,力求最大限度地把語(yǔ)言潛力的培養(yǎng)落實(shí)到教學(xué)過(guò)程的每一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)定的任務(wù)目標(biāo)并感受成功。我在這堂課的設(shè)計(jì)里要求自我新穎別致,突出故事的完整性,要有一氣呵成的感覺(jué),重點(diǎn)落實(shí),定語(yǔ)從句自始至終貫穿每個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),活而不亂,生動(dòng)搞笑,貼近生活,氣氛活躍。能發(fā)揮學(xué)生們的主體互動(dòng)性和能動(dòng)性,在完成任務(wù)的過(guò)程中能用心參與。課后感覺(jué)任務(wù)型教學(xué)有所體現(xiàn),學(xué)生們用心性高,參與面廣,訓(xùn)練量較大,能初步運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句。
但在教學(xué)過(guò)程中,我意識(shí)到:有個(gè)別學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)太差,雖在課堂中他們也用心參與,但有時(shí)很盲目,甚至不明白老師和同學(xué)們?cè)谶M(jìn)行什么資料,從他們的目光和神態(tài)中,我了解到他們對(duì)知識(shí)的渴求,我暗自告訴自我,必須要幫忙他們,這很難,但必須要堅(jiān)持,決不放下。
定語(yǔ)從句教案(二):
、瘛 定義
定語(yǔ)從句,起形容詞的作用,在句中常用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞。被修飾的詞稱為先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞稱為關(guān)系詞, 關(guān)系詞的作用一是放在先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句中間起引導(dǎo)作用;二是在好處上代替先行詞,并在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。其中關(guān)系代詞:who, whom, whose, which, that, as;關(guān)系副詞:when, where, why。
eg。 She is the girl who sings best of all。
The pen which my uncle gave me is missing。
He lives in a house whose windows face south。
The factory where my father works is in the east of the city。
Perhaps the day will e when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities。
Ⅱ。 關(guān)系代詞
1。 先行詞是人,作主語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞用who, that
eg。 He is a mannever leaves today’s work till tomorrow。
The boy is standing there is my cousin。
2。 先行詞是人,作賓語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞用 whom, who, that,
eg。 Here is the man you’ve been expecting to meet。
The man you met yesterday is Mr。 Smith。
3。 先行詞是物,作主語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞用which, that
eg 。 The train has just left is for Guangzhou。
Children like to read books have wonderful pictures。
4。 先行詞是物,作賓語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞用which, that,或省略
eg。 The book you borrowed yesterday is really interesting。
The pen my uncle gave me is missing。
5。 先行詞是人、物,作定語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞用whose
eg。 He is the professor name was Jackson。
China, population is the largest in the world, is developing very fast。
、。 關(guān)系副詞
1。 先行詞是表示時(shí)光的名詞,在定從中作時(shí)光狀語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞用when
eg。 I can’t remember the date he went abroad。
I’ll never forget the day I joined the army。
2。 先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,在定從中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞用where; 其中注意表示抽象概念的地點(diǎn)名詞,如,situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度時(shí),也需用where
eg。 This is the village Uncle Wang once lived。
They have reached the point they have to separate with each other。
He’s got himself into a dangerous situation he is likely to lose control over the plane。
3。 先行詞是reason,在定從中作原因狀語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞用why
eg。 I don’t know the reason he was late。
None of us know the reason Tom was absent from the meeting。
4。引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞也能夠用“適當(dāng)介詞 + which”來(lái)代替。
eg。 October 1, 1949 was the day when = the People’s Republic of China was founded。
This is the factory where(= we worked a year ago。
I don’t believe the reason why (= he was late for school。
、。 關(guān)系代詞that & which的區(qū)別:
⒈ 只用that的狀況
、 先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代詞時(shí)。
eg。 There is nothing can prevent him from doing it。
、 先行詞被any, only, few, no, very, little 等修飾時(shí)。
eg。 This is the very book I’m looking for。
、 先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。
eg。 The first place they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill。
This is the best film I have ever seen。
④ 先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。
eg。 He talked about things and persons they remembered in the school。
、 先行詞被the only, the very修飾時(shí)。
eg。 Mr。 Smith is the only foreigner he knows。
、 句中已有who或which,為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)。
eg。 Who is the man is standing beside Tom?
、 不能用 that的狀況:
① 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句;
eg。 He had failed in the maths exam , made his father very angry。
、 介詞 + 關(guān)系代詞。
eg。 This is the room inmy father lived last year。
、酢 as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的用法(as 相當(dāng)于that & which)
、 as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常用于the same … as, such … as結(jié)構(gòu)中。
eg。 This is the same book I lent you。
Such machines are used in our workshop are made in China。
、 as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,位置靈活,用來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子。通常用下列句型:as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。
eg。 I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination。
Taiwan, we all know, belongs to China。
Ⅵ。 限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的主要區(qū)別:
限制性定語(yǔ)從句: 一般緊跟在先行詞后面,不用逗號(hào)把從句與先行詞分隔開(kāi)來(lái)。使先行詞的意思十分明確,成為特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就會(huì)失去好處不能成立,或意思不清楚,不能說(shuō)明問(wèn)題。通常譯為定語(yǔ)。
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句: 通常由逗號(hào)與句子其他成分隔開(kāi)。只是對(duì)先行詞作進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明,沒(méi)有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常譯為并列的句子。
eg。 I was the only person in our office was invited。(去掉定語(yǔ)從句,意思就不完整)
Tom’s father, is over sixty, still works hard day and night。(整個(gè)句子可分成兩句來(lái)翻譯)
、鳌 分隔定語(yǔ)從句
即先行詞與關(guān)系代詞、副詞之間被介詞短語(yǔ),同位語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)等分隔開(kāi)來(lái)。
此種定語(yǔ)從句,在選取關(guān)系詞時(shí),要注意找準(zhǔn)先行詞。
eg。 There is an expression in his eyes (I can’t understand。
I was the only person in my office was invited to the important ball。
I suggest you choose someone I think is very kind and friendly。
選取填空:
1。 It was April 29,2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony。
A。 that B。 when C。 since D。 before
2。)Gutter oil is illegally recycled cooking oil, contains chemicals that are harmful to the human body and can even cause cancer。
A。 it B。 which C。 where D。 that
3。 Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, the audience can buy ice-cream。
A。 when B。 where C。 that D。 which
4。 The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other。
A。 they B。 where C。 what D。 that
5。 Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, it will keep for two or three weeks。
A。 when B。 which C。 where D。 while
6。 English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ------- uses it somewhat differently。
A。 which B。 what C。 them D。 those
7。 A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain。
A。 when B。 that C。 where D。 there
8。 She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ------ allows them to municate freely with each other。
A。 which B。 where C。 what D。 who
9 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ------ is a stupid thing to do in such weather。
A。 this B。 that C。 what D。 which
10。 She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ------ had taken more than three years。
A。 for which B。 with which C。 of which D。 to which
11。 After graduating from high school, you will reach a point in your life ------- you need to decide what to do。
A。 that B。 what C。 which D。 where
12。He was so pleased with all we had done for him he wrote us a letter to praise for it。
A。 what; what B。 what; that C。 that; what D。 that; that
13。The moon travels round the earth once every month, is known to everybody。
A。 it B。 as C。 that D。 what
14。 is often the case with elder people, my grandma, talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop。
A。 That B。 Which C。 As D。 It
15。The school shop, customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays。
A。 which B。 whose C。 when D。 where
16。The novel was pleted in 1978, the economic system has seen great changes。
A。 when B。 during which C。 since then D。 since when
17。Books bring us into the presence of the greatest minds have ever lived。
A。 which B。 who C。不填 D。 that
18。The world is made up of matter。
A。 in that we live B。 on which we live
C。 where we live in D。 we live in
19。I’ve bee good friends with several of the students in my school ------- I met in the English speech contest last year。
A。 who B。 where C。 when D。 which
20。Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A。 he explained B。 what he explained
C。 how he explained D。 why he explained
21。He was very angry and I can still remember the way he spoke to me。
A。 how B。 that C。 what D。 which
22。That’s the new machine parts are too small to be seen。
A。 that B。 which C。 whose D。 what
23。David is such a good boy all the teachers like。
A。 that B。 who C。 as D。 whom
定語(yǔ)從句教案(三):
教學(xué)過(guò)程
一、課堂導(dǎo)入
教師讀句子,讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)并復(fù)述
1。 she is the girl who has blue eyes。
2。 I love this English teacher whose eyes are blue。
3。 A telephone is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely。
4。 I like this person that has 3 story books
5。 This is the office where he worked。
6。 I don’t know the reason why he came so late。
二、復(fù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)
教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)上節(jié)課所學(xué)的反意疑問(wèn)句,包括反意疑問(wèn)句的形式,祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句,there be句型的反意疑問(wèn)句等, (以提問(wèn)、回顧的形式進(jìn)行),針對(duì)上節(jié)課的作業(yè)進(jìn)行講評(píng)、訂正、答疑,并透過(guò)對(duì)反意疑問(wèn)句具體用法的分析和擴(kuò)展導(dǎo)入本節(jié)課所要學(xué)習(xí)的定語(yǔ)從句。
三、知識(shí)講解
知識(shí)點(diǎn)1:定語(yǔ)從句的概念和先行詞
1。 在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。(而在一個(gè)句子中充當(dāng)整個(gè)句子的賓語(yǔ)的句子叫做賓語(yǔ)從句)
如:I love this English teacher whose eyes are blue。 (定語(yǔ)從句)
我愛(ài)眼睛是藍(lán)色的這位英語(yǔ)老師
I don’t know (賓語(yǔ)從句)
我不明白你怎樣才能到達(dá)那個(gè)公園。
2。 被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。
如:A friend is someone who says, "What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”
A Wechat (微信) is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely。
知識(shí)點(diǎn)2:定語(yǔ)的關(guān)系詞~關(guān)系代詞
1。既能指物也能指人的關(guān)系代詞 that,whose。
如: ① I like this person that has 3 story books。 (先行詞是人person)
、谙刃性~是物book)
、伲ㄏ刃性~是teacher)
、谙刃性~是dog)
2、只能用來(lái)指代人的關(guān)系詞who, whom。
如:Is he the man who wants to see you?
He is the man whom that I saw yesterday。
3、只能指代物的關(guān)系詞which。
如:A prosperity which had never been seen before appears in the countryside。
4、關(guān)系詞在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?/p>
如:1、(whothat在從句中作主語(yǔ))
他就是你想見(jiàn)的人嗎?
2、他就是我昨日見(jiàn)的那個(gè)人。(whomthat在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
3、作賓語(yǔ)) which that在句中(
農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。
4、((只用作定語(yǔ))
那人車壞了,大家都跑過(guò)去幫忙。
。ㄗⅲ寒(dāng)上題先行詞指物時(shí)它還能夠同of which互換)
如:Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green。
請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書(shū)
知識(shí)點(diǎn)3:關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why可代替的先行詞是時(shí)光、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。
如: There are occasions when (on which) one must yield。
任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born。
北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
這就是他拒絕我們幫忙他的理由嗎?
知識(shí)點(diǎn)4:關(guān)系詞的選取取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
1。 用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ),就務(wù)必要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。
如: This is the mountain village where I stayed last year。
四、例題精析
Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west。 Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues。
A。 running; that B。 run; who C。 running; who D。 run; that
A
: 主語(yǔ)與run(延伸)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用此刻分詞。Those指街道,所以不用
來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 who而用that
Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year?
A。 where B。 that C。 the one that D。 the one where
。篋
。簩⒁蓡(wèn)句改為陳述句:this research center is…顯然缺少先行詞,務(wù)必加上代詞the one來(lái)作先行詞,又因定語(yǔ)從句不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),所以用關(guān)系副詞where。假若在this后加the,就選where,請(qǐng)想想這是為什么。
The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely。
A。 when B。 where C。 which D。 whose
。築
因?yàn)楸硎?ldquo;階段、程度、地步”的the point在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以用
語(yǔ)從句。 where引導(dǎo)定
—How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?
—Oh, that’s easy。 I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided
A。 which B。 in which C。 of which D。 whose
。篊 :因?yàn)閛f which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,并在從句中作定語(yǔ)。of which the telephone number = whose telephone number。
五、課堂運(yùn)用
1。Do you know the man _______?
A。 whom I spoke B。 to who spoke C。 I spoke to D。 that I spoke
C。
"和誰(shuí)講話”要說(shuō)speak to sb。 本題全句應(yīng)為Do you know the man whom I spoke to。。whom是關(guān)系代詞,作介詞to的賓語(yǔ),能夠省略。
2。The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace。
A。 Which B。 where
A
。簑hich用作關(guān)系代詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。C。 what D。 in which
3。This is the hotel _______last month。
A。 which they stayed B。 at that they stayed
C。 where they stayed at D。 where they stayed
是關(guān)系副詞,表示地點(diǎn),在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。 D。 where
4。Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A。 which B。 that C。 when D。 on which
。 C。
是關(guān)系副詞,表示時(shí)光,在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)光狀語(yǔ)。 when
5。This is one of the best films _______。
A。 that have been shown this year B。 that have shown
C。 that has been shown this year D。 that you talked
A。
本句話的先行詞就應(yīng)是films,因此,關(guān)系代詞that是負(fù)數(shù)概念,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞the,則the one就應(yīng)視為先行詞。
6。The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here。
A。 where B。 to which C。 which D。 in which
C。
which是關(guān)系代詞,在從句中作visit的賓語(yǔ)。其他幾個(gè)答案都不能作賓語(yǔ)。
7。Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working。
A。 where B。 that C。 which D。 there
A。
where是關(guān)系副詞,表示地點(diǎn),在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。
8。That is the day ______I'll never forget。
A。 which B。 on which C。 in which D。 when
A。
which是關(guān)系代詞,在從句中作forget的賓語(yǔ)。其他幾個(gè)答案都不能作賓語(yǔ)。
9。Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A。 about which you talked B。 which you talked
C。 about that you talked D。 that you talked
A。
“談到某事物”應(yīng)說(shuō)talk about sth。。about是介詞,其后要用which作賓語(yǔ),不能用that。
10。The pen ______he is writing is mine。
A。 with which B。 in which C。 on which D。 by which
A。
with which是"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu),常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。with有"用"的意思,介詞之后只能用which,不能用that。 with which在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),即he is writing with a pen。
課程小結(jié)
本節(jié)課主要圍繞定語(yǔ)從句的?键c(diǎn)展開(kāi),即:定語(yǔ)從句的概念,定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞等。需要重點(diǎn)掌握的是定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。此外,在初中階段也會(huì)經(jīng)常接觸到定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選取,因此,這個(gè)考點(diǎn)也需要重點(diǎn)掌握。
近年中考對(duì)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)的考查往往是與語(yǔ)境想結(jié)合,因此,同學(xué)在做題時(shí)要結(jié)合語(yǔ)境來(lái)分析題目,靈活地運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。
定語(yǔ)從句教案(四):
教學(xué)目標(biāo):
1。學(xué)生能正確理解整個(gè)句子的意思
2。學(xué)生能掌握關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的正確使用。
教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):
定語(yǔ)從句中引導(dǎo)詞(who, whose,whom, that , which,when,where, why)的正確使用
教學(xué)過(guò)程:
例子導(dǎo)入:
The girl is my sister。
is my sister。
先行詞定語(yǔ)從句
一、定義:在復(fù)合句中,用來(lái)修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞、代詞叫先
行詞。定語(yǔ)從句放在先行詞之后。
先行詞(物) ?K引導(dǎo)詞(that指代the music)
She is a 先行詞(人)?K引導(dǎo)詞(who指代a girl)
二、引導(dǎo)詞who, whom, whose,that , which(表人、表物,作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ))
關(guān)系副詞:when,where, why, (表時(shí)光、地點(diǎn)、原因,作狀語(yǔ))
(1)先行詞表人時(shí)可用who,that或whom
分點(diǎn)練習(xí):① He is a boy(______ is confident。)
主語(yǔ)
② (介詞提前)
、 He is the teacher ______ you are waiting for。)
賓語(yǔ)
歸納總結(jié):當(dāng)先行詞是人:①引導(dǎo)詞在句中作主語(yǔ),引導(dǎo)詞用who,that
③引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ),引導(dǎo)詞用whowhom
小試牛刀:1。Is this the man with ______ you went to the zoo yesterday?
A。 who B。 whom C。 which
2。He is a man _______ we can learn)。
A。 whom B。 from which C。 from whom
learn from
25。 ―Look! That is the woman I met yesterday。
―Oh? She’s my aunt。
A。 whatB。 who C。 where D。 when
45。 The young lady ______ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net。
A。 whoB。 whom C。 whichD。 whose
。2)whose的使用
名詞
A。 whichB。 whose C。 that
引導(dǎo)詞后面有名詞(表所屬)時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞用whose
。3)先行詞表物時(shí),用that或which
that與which的區(qū)別:
that和which都可表物,一般可互換,但下列狀況只用that
1。 I’m sure she has something ______ you can borrow。
A。 thatB。 which
、 先行詞為:that 2。 I’ve read ⑵ 先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修飾時(shí)
4。 This is the only book that belongs to him。
、认刃性~被the only, the very, the same, the best, the last等修飾時(shí)
6。 There is a book on the desk belongs to Tom。 桌子上那本書(shū)是湯姆的
、试
7 Who is the girl ______ spoke to you just now?
Which is the car ______ was made in China?
A。 thatB。 who C。 which
[7]。當(dāng)主句 that
鞏固練習(xí): Who is the man ______ I saw yesterday。
小試牛刀: I like the music _______ he writes。A。 B。 whoC。 why D when
只用which的狀況:
1。This is the house in ______ he lives。A。 thatB。 whichC。 who
1。先行詞是物,且介詞提前用which
The school (______ my father works) looks very beautiful。
(my father works in the school)
A。 which B。 in thatC。 in which
比較:Is this the man with ______ you went to the zoo yesterday?
A。 who B。 whom C。 which
先行詞是人,且介詞提前用_______。
2。先行詞(物)與引導(dǎo)詞之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句),用which
He lives in a house, _______ has many trees around it。
A。 thatB。 whichC。 who
3。先行詞為that, those時(shí),用which
The story ______ I read the newspaper was about a mon problem among teenagers。
A。 whose B。 who C。 that D。 where
44。 The first thing _____ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter。
A。 whichB。 thatC。 why D。 who
49。 I still remember the college and the teachers_____________I visited in London years ago。
A。 whatB。 who C。 that D。 which
。4)關(guān)系副詞when, where,why的用法:
先行詞是一個(gè)表示時(shí)光的詞如:time, hour, day, month, year時(shí),其所對(duì)應(yīng)的關(guān)系詞如在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)光狀語(yǔ)(不充當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)),則用關(guān)系副詞when。
1。先行詞,在句中作狀語(yǔ)。
2。 This is the factory ________ my father works。
拓展:當(dāng)point, situation,conditions等詞作先行詞表抽象的地點(diǎn),其后常由where引導(dǎo)
1。Can you think out a situation ________ this word can be used?
2。 Her illness has developed to the point ________ nobody can cure her。
3。 That is the reason (why) I did it。
Do you know the reason(why)she has changed her mind?
(5)在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)光、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí),關(guān)系副詞互換。
The day when (=on which) she arrived was Thursday。 她到的那天是星期四。
July and August are the months when (=in which) the weather is hot。 七八月是天氣很熱的月份 This is the hotel where =in which at which) they were staying。 這就是他們當(dāng)時(shí)住的旅店 Do you remember the place where (=at which) we had lunch? 你記得我們吃午飯的地方嗎?
The reason why (=for which) I came here was to be with my family。 我到那里來(lái)的原因是要跟我的家里人在一齊
小試牛刀:This is the factory in ________ my father works。
解析:那里填which,in which=where
拓展:決定找引導(dǎo)詞是關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞,找出定語(yǔ)從句的主謂賓,先使其變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單的肯定句看缺什么成分。
This is the city (whichthat) you visited last year。
。▂ou visited the city last year)。先行詞直接充當(dāng)visited的賓語(yǔ),缺的是賓語(yǔ),所以用which或that
如:This is the city where you stayed last year。
先行詞也是the city,將其放入定語(yǔ)從句中不能直接作成分,務(wù)必加上介詞in,一齊做從句的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于in +which所以此處用where就務(wù)必要求;而系副詞。)
小試牛刀:
1。 Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
2。 Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held。
A。 whereB。 thatC。 on whichD。 the one
解析:例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago。 所缺部分為主句的表語(yǔ),從句的賓語(yǔ),而where, on which都不能起到賓語(yǔ)的作用,而that只作從句賓語(yǔ),還缺主句的表語(yǔ), 只有the one既做了主句的表語(yǔ),又可做從句的賓語(yǔ),能夠省略關(guān)系代詞that,所以應(yīng)選D。
例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held。 主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語(yǔ)表地點(diǎn),既可用副詞where,又因 in the museum詞組,可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。而此題中,介詞on 用的不對(duì),所以選A。
鞏固練習(xí):2 I'll never forget the days______I spent in the countryside。
A。 whereB。 thatC。 on whichD。when
we visited last week。
定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)的形式
、 There are the twins who ______ in the next door。 A。 liveB。 lives C。 lived
、 A。 tellB。 is telling C。 tells
先行詞
總結(jié):㈠從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的.單復(fù)數(shù)與_先行詞_的單復(fù)數(shù)一致,(當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)時(shí))
鞏固練習(xí):
1。Do you live near the building ______color is yellow?
A。 that B。 which C。 whose D。 its
2。In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help。
A 。thatB。 whoC。 from whom D。 to whom
3。The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well。
A。 thatB。 who C。 what D。
定語(yǔ)從句教案(五):
一 什么是定語(yǔ)從句
閱讀下列句子,找出哪一句是定語(yǔ)從句
1。 My doctor told me to live where the air is fresh 。
2。 Tom was sleeping when the door bell rang 。
3。 Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school ?
4。 Can you tell me when the Flight 5571 will depart ?
在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞,用來(lái)修飾主句中的某一個(gè)名詞或代詞或整個(gè)句子。被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。因此,通常定語(yǔ)從句被視為一個(gè)句子與一個(gè)名詞的關(guān)系。在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用的叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞兩種。
例如:
He is the boy who often goes to school late。
注意
關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的三大作用:
1。 連接作用---連接先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句。例如:
I gave her all the money that I had 。我把我所有的錢都給了他。(that 連接先行詞money 和定語(yǔ)從句I had )。
2。 替代作用---在定語(yǔ)從句中替代從句所修飾的先行詞。例如:
The man who lives next door is a famous teacher。
2。 成分作用---在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。 例如:
I like pictures which are painted in the traditional Chinese style。 我喜歡傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)畫(huà)(which 在定語(yǔ)從句中作 主語(yǔ))。
二 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法
閱讀下方的句子,根據(jù)從句的語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)將其歸類,幷把句子序號(hào)表格填入空缺處。
1。 She is the old woman that witnessed the accident this morning 。
2。 Mary is the girl who works in Japan 。
3。 Is this the key which you are looking for。?
4。 October 1,1949 is the day when New China was founded。
5。 The house which stands on the top of the hill was built last month 。
6。 The student whom the teachers are talking about has won the first prize in the English contest。
7。 He lied to the police officer, which made things even worse。
8。 This magazine belongs to the teacher who teaches us history。
9。 Tom is reading in the room where the others are watching TV 。
10。 He failed in the exam ,which surprised us all。
11。 I don’t know the reason why she looks unhappy today。
12。 I’ll never forget the day when I joined the League 。
13。 He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane 。
關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法
定語(yǔ)從句類型 特點(diǎn) 句子序號(hào)
由關(guān)系代詞which that whowhom 引導(dǎo) 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)
關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)
關(guān)系代詞which 指代前句所屬之事
由關(guān)系副詞when wherewhy 引導(dǎo) 定語(yǔ)從句中不缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ);when where why 充當(dāng)從句的時(shí)光、地點(diǎn)、原因狀語(yǔ)。
Where 所指代的是一個(gè)抽象的地點(diǎn),例如某一種狀況、某一個(gè)領(lǐng)域。
鞏固練習(xí)
完成句子
1。 Alexander Bell was the man _______________________(發(fā)明電話的人)。
2。 The present ____________________________________(她生日那天我送她的) is still unopened。
3。 Carol said the work would be done by October。__________________________,(我對(duì)此十分懷疑)。
4。 The film brought the hours to me __________________________________(當(dāng)時(shí)我得到很好的照顧) in the faraway village 。
5。 We are living in an age ______________________________(我們生活在一個(gè)很多事情需要用電腦來(lái)做的時(shí)代)。
單項(xiàng)選取
1。 Do you still remember the chicken farm _________________we visited three months ago 。
A where B when C that D what
2。 Women _______drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _______don’t
A who B who C who who D
3。 Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others ,_______, of course ,made the others envy him 。
A who B that C what D which
4。 If a shop has chairs _______women can park their men ,women will spend more time in shop 。
A that B which C when D where
5 I work in a business _________almost everyone is waiting for a great chance 。
A how B which C where D that
三 關(guān)系詞使用的注意事項(xiàng)
引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞的選用比較復(fù)雜。除了牽涉到所指的先行詞是人還是物,所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是限制性的還是非限制性的,以及關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么句子成分外,還要根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法而定。
。ㄒ唬 只能使用that ,who , whose 的定語(yǔ)從句。
請(qǐng)閱讀以下句子,根據(jù)用法分類,將句子序號(hào)填入表格中適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩?/p>
1、Here is the boy who wants to see you 。
2、All that glitters is not gold 。
3、Who is the man that came this morning 。
4、Which is the bag that you lost 。?
5、He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited 。
6、Anyone who breaks the law shall be punished。
7、His mother ,who loves him very much ,is strict with him。
8、Is there anything that you don’t understand ?
9、Mary is the girl whose parents work in Japan 。
10、He is the very person that the police are looking for。
11、Those who are against the plan put up your hands please。
12、This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen 。
13、I happened to be the thousandth guest that visited the great hotel 。
14、This is the only thing that I can remember 。
15、Tell us everything that you know ,please。
16、Last week I bought a car ,whose price is reasonable 。
定語(yǔ)從句教案(六):
一.概述
課題來(lái)源:初三英語(yǔ)
所需課件:一課時(shí)
學(xué)習(xí)資料:定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞who, whom ,which ,that ,as的用法。
定語(yǔ)從句是一個(gè)很重要的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目,為以后的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)打下堅(jiān)定的基礎(chǔ),也是初高考出現(xiàn)頻率較高的考點(diǎn)。
二.教學(xué)目標(biāo)分析
知識(shí)與目標(biāo)分析
知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo):幫忙學(xué)生掌握關(guān)系代詞who, whom, which, that, as 的用法,豐富學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法知識(shí),構(gòu)成獨(dú)立的學(xué)習(xí)潛力,能夠運(yùn)用這些知識(shí)去解決定語(yǔ)從句的習(xí)題。
過(guò)程與方法目標(biāo):讓學(xué)生主動(dòng)參與感知——積累——理解關(guān)系代詞的過(guò)程,讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)關(guān)系代詞的用法,學(xué)會(huì)探究解決問(wèn)題。
情感態(tài)度價(jià)值觀目標(biāo):讓學(xué)生體驗(yàn)到學(xué)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句的樂(lè)趣。
三.學(xué)習(xí)者特征分析
初中生剛剛接觸與從句,對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)認(rèn)識(shí)不夠清楚,但是這部分資料很重要,有助于學(xué)生完善整個(gè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。
四.教學(xué)策略選取與設(shè)計(jì)
本課題主要采用啟發(fā)式教學(xué)策略,合作學(xué)習(xí),探究學(xué)習(xí)的策略,在教學(xué)中,創(chuàng)設(shè)問(wèn)題情景,以小組為單位進(jìn)行討論,合作學(xué)習(xí),得出結(jié)論。
五.教學(xué)資源與工具設(shè)計(jì)
多媒體教室 計(jì)算機(jī) PPT課件
六、教學(xué)過(guò)程
第一步:復(fù)習(xí)(檢查作業(yè))
第二步:導(dǎo)入
Marry is a beautiful girl。
Marry is a girl who has long hair。
……(討論句子特征 )
老師總結(jié):什么是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞,引出定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。
第三步:介紹引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞。
第四步:詳細(xì)介紹這些關(guān)系代詞的用法。
第五步:習(xí)題(加深印象)
第六步:課后總結(jié)
第七步:布置作業(yè)
七、幫忙和總結(jié)
教師以啟發(fā)誘導(dǎo)的方式向?qū)W生帶給幫忙和指導(dǎo),針對(duì)不一樣的學(xué)習(xí)間斷的學(xué)生采取不一樣的幫忙和指導(dǎo),之處不一樣水平的要求,給予不一樣的幫忙。對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)潛力強(qiáng)的能夠以暗示的方式進(jìn)行指示,對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)潛力差的學(xué)生能夠透過(guò)逐步深入的方式進(jìn)行討論。
在學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)束后,對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)做出簡(jiǎn)單的總結(jié),能夠布置一些練習(xí)題,以強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)效果。
八、教學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)設(shè)計(jì)
建立量規(guī),向?qū)W生展示他們將被如何評(píng)價(jià)(來(lái)自教師和小組其他成員的評(píng)價(jià))。另外,能夠建立一個(gè)自我評(píng)價(jià)表,這樣學(xué)生能夠用它對(duì)自我的學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。
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