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直接與間接引用詳解

直接與間接引用詳解

  想要學(xué)好英語(yǔ)怎么能不知道直接引語(yǔ)與間接的用法呢?下面就讓小編為大家詳解一下吧。

  Part I:?jiǎn)卧~與短語(yǔ)

  a dinner party晚宴;hostess n.女主人;sit next to sb.挨著某人坐;unsmiling adj.不茍言笑的;tight adj.緊身的;take one's seat (動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))就座;fix on sth. (動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu))集中在……上;plate n.盤子;in a short time一會(huì)兒功夫;busy doing忙于做某事;make conversation with sb 與某人交談;in despair 絕望中,絕望之下

  Part II:語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)

  1.直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)的.相互轉(zhuǎn)換示例

  示例1:I said to her, “A new play is coming to the Globe soon.”

  I said to her that a new play was coming to the Globe soon.

  示例2:I asked her, “Will you be seeing it?”

  I asked her whether she would be seeing it.

  示例3:“Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?” I asked her.

  I asked her if she would be spending her holidays abroad that year.

  示例4:“Will you be staying in England?” I asked her.

  I asked her if she would be staying in England.

  示例5:In despair, I asked her, “Are you enjoying your dinner?”

  In despair, I asked her if she was enjoying her dinner.

  示例6:“Young man,” she answered, “if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner.”

  She answered that if I had eaten more and talked less, we would have both enjoyed our dinner.

  2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣

  承接剛剛講過(guò)的內(nèi)容:虛擬語(yǔ)氣的本質(zhì)就是“說(shuō)廢話”。這里,我們開(kāi)始探討“說(shuō)廢話”的幾種情況:

  第一,在表示虛擬的條件句中“對(duì)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)說(shuō)廢話”,此時(shí),主句也要做相應(yīng)的變化予以配合。

  示例:If I had a lot of money, I would buy a new car.(實(shí)際情況呢,沒(méi)錢!)

  第二,在表示虛擬的條件句中“對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)說(shuō)廢話”,此時(shí),主句也要做相應(yīng)的變化予以配合。

  示例:If you had told me the truth earlier, I would not have acted like that.(實(shí)際情況呢,你沒(méi)告訴我,而我呢,也就那樣做了!)

  第三,在表示虛擬的條件句中“對(duì)將來(lái)事實(shí)說(shuō)廢話”,此時(shí),主句也要做相應(yīng)的變化予以配合。

  示例:If I were to die tomorrow, I would not sleep tonight.(實(shí)際情況呢?身體棒著呢!明天不可能死,今晚呢,也就會(huì)照常呼呼大睡!)

  Part III:綜合訓(xùn)練

  Last week (1) a dinner party, the hostess asked me (2) sit next to a Mrs. Rumbold. She was a big, (3 unsmile) lady (4) a tight black dress. She did not even look (5) (6) I took my seat beside her. Her eyes were (7 fix) (8) her plate (9) in a short time, she was busy (10 eat). I tried to make a conversation. 'A new play is coming to the Globe. Will you (11) seeing it?' 'No,' she answered. 'Will you (12) spending your holidays abroad this year?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. 'Will you (13) staying in England (14) Christmas?' I asked. 'No,' she answered. (15) despair, I asked her (16) she was enjoying her dinner (17) she answered 'Young man, (18) you (19 eat) more (20) (21 talk) less, we (22) both enjoy our dinner.'

  答案:

  (1) at; (2) to; (3) unsmiling; (4) in; (5) up;

  (6) when; (7) fixed; (8) on; (9) and; (10) eating;

  (11) be; (12) be; (13) be; (14) for; (15) In;

  (16) whether//if; (17) and; (18) if; (19) ate; (20) and;

  (21) talked; (22) would

  Part IV:句子翻譯

  英語(yǔ)中必須掌握的連詞

  史上最多解法的英文歧義句

  從句與先行詞一致原則

  1. 上周在一次晚宴上,女主人讓我坐在一位Rumbold夫人旁邊。

  2. 這位夫人是個(gè)大塊頭、不茍言笑的人,身穿一件黑色緊身衣。

  3. 我在她身旁就座時(shí)她連頭都沒(méi)抬一下。

  4. 她兩眼緊盯著盤子,一會(huì)兒功夫,她就忙著吃上了。

  5. 我試著跟她攀談。

  6. 一部新劇就要在環(huán)球劇院演出了,你準(zhǔn)備去看嗎?

  7. 你今年準(zhǔn)備去國(guó)外度假嗎?

  8. 絕望中,我問(wèn)她是否吃得盡興,她回答說(shuō):“年青人,如果你多吃飯少講話,我們兩人就都會(huì)吃得盡興了。”

  答案:

  1. Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to a Mrs. Rumbold.

  2. She was a big, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.

  3. She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her.

  4. Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating.

  5. I tried to make a conversation.

  6. A new play is coming to the Globe, and will you be seeing it?

  7. Will you be spending your holidays abroad this year?

  8. In despair, I asked her whether she was enjoying her dinner and she answered 'Young man, if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner.'

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