定語從句

　　定語從句（也稱關系從句、形容詞性從句），是指一類由關系詞（英語：relative word）引導的從句,因為這類從句的句法功能多是做定語，所以曾被稱為定語從句（英語：attributive clause），這類從句除了可以做定語之外，還可以充當狀語等其他成分，所以現代語言學多使用“關系從句”這一術語。下面是小編整理的定語從句的相關內容，一起來看看吧。

　　定語從句例句

　　1、The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.

　　2、Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .

　　3、The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster.

　　4、The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.

　　5、Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.

　　6、These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.

　　7、There is a student who wants to see you.

　　8、The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.

　　9、I met a friend of mine in the street, who had just come from Japan.

　　10、I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.

　　11、The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good

　　12、I live in the room whose windows face south、(= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)

　　13、The girl about whom they were talking is our monitor.

　　14、The book in which there are many interesting things was written by Li Ming.

　　15、Is this the book which she is looking for?

　　16、The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.

　　17、The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping’s son.

　　18、We are willing to do anything that is good to the people.

　　19、I have told them all (that) I know.

　　20、All that can be done has been done.

　　21、The first book that I read last night was an English novel.

　　22、This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen.

　　23、This is the best that can be done now.

　　24、We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.

　　25、There are sheep and men that can be seen on the hill.

　　26、This is the only book that can be lent to you.

　　27、Which is the dictionary that he used yesterday ?

　　28、This is the factory in which we once worked.

　　29、He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.

　　30、Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.

　　31、Those which are on the desk are English books.

　　32、This is the book, which is written by Lu Xun.

　　33、He was late again, as / which we had expected、=As we had expected, he was late again.

　　34、he street hasn’t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty.

　　35、The young man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful.

　　36、He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health.

　　37、As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner.

　　38、Such books as this are too difficult for beginners.

　　39、I live in the same building as he (does).

　　40、He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.

　　41、He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.(

　　42、That is one of the books that are required for study at school.

　　43、This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990.

　　44、She is one of the few persons who know Spanish .

　　45、This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties,

　　46、That day we all got up early as usual.

　　47、They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

　　48、Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

　　49、Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　50、The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.

　　定語從句that

　　that常用作關系代詞，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物時有的時候可用which替換that，指人時可用who替換。但在下列情況下，一般用that。

　　一、that指代某物事時

　　1.先行詞為all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等時。如：

　　（1）We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.

　　我們將盡我們的最大努力來保護那些瀕危的動植物。

　　(2) There is much that I wan to tell you.

　　我有很多想要告訴你的話。

　　(3) Is there anything that I can do for you?

　　有什么我可以幫你的嗎？

　　2、先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定詞修飾時。如：

　　(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.

　　在我們圖書館，你可以借任何你想讀的書。

　　3、先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。如：

　�。�5）This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.

　　這是我見過的最漂亮的城市。

　　4、先行詞被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修飾時。如：

　　（6）This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.

　　這恰好是他們去年參觀的那個工廠。

　　（7）This is the only painting in this style that we have.

　　這種風格的畫我們僅有一幅。

　　5、先行詞是并列結構，既有人又有物時。如：

　�。�8）He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.

　　6、先行詞前有the same 修飾，表示和先行詞是同一物時。如：

　�。�9）This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.

　　這就是我昨天丟的那個錢夾。

　　注：如果表示的是與先行詞同一類或相似的某物，則用the same…as….如：

　�。�10）This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.

　　這個錢夾和我昨天丟的那個一樣。

　　7、先行詞為數詞時。

　　（11）Look at the books on the bookshelf、You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.

　　瞧書架上那些書。你可以看到我過生日時你買的那兩本。

　　8、如果which引導的定語從句中又含有一個定語從句，為避免重復，第二個定語從句用that。如：

　　（12）They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.

　　他們建了一工廠，生產以前從未見過的東西。

　　9、以which作主語開頭的特殊問句，為了避免重復，定語從句用that。如。

　　（13）Which is the bus that you will take?

　　你要乘的是哪一班車？

　　10、關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時，而且通常省略。如：

　　（14）My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.

　　我的家鄉(xiāng)再也不是以前那個樣子了。

　　11、關系代詞在there be 句型中作主語時,而且常可以省略。如：

　�。�15）This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.

　　這是有史以來最快的列車。

　　二、that 指代某人時。

　　1、泛指某人時。如：

　�。�16）He is a man that is never at a loss.

　　他是一個從未一籌莫展的人。

　　2、主句是以作主語的who開頭的特殊問句，為了避免重復時。如：

　�。�17）Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?

　　和我們校長說話的那人是誰？

　　3、先行詞前有the same時。如：

　�。�18）This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.

　　這和去年給我們作報告的是同一人。

　　4、關系代詞在定語從句中作表語時。如：

　　（19）He has changed、He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.

　　他變了。他再也不是10年前的他了。

　　另外，that也可用作關系副詞，表示時間、地點、原因和方式，在口語中可以用來代替when, where, why 引導的定語從句。在以下名詞day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行詞時，可用that作關系副詞引導定語從句。如：

　�。�20）I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.

　　我永遠不會忘記我入團的那一天。

　�。�21）Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?

　　這就是他們開會遲到的原因嗎？

　�。�22）We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.

　　我們想找一個我們能野餐的地方。

　　（23）This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.

　　這是我第一次到國外去旅游。

　　（注：先行詞是time,前面有序數詞或last修飾時，常用that引導定語從句或者省略。）

　　當先行詞為表示方式的詞the way時，可用that引導定語從句, that常可以省略。

　　（24）I don't the way you speak to her.

　　我不喜歡你和她說話那種方式。

　　定語從句as　　as引導的定語從句

　　在一些習慣用法上，as能兼作關系代詞、關系副詞，經常引導定語從句。

　　慣用型1：　　such… as…像……一樣的　　the same…as…與……同樣的

　　I seldom meetsucha beggarasI met today.

　　我很少碰到今天這樣的乞丐。

　�。╝s是代詞，在定語從句中作賓語）

　　Please choosesuchapplesascan be put in my bracket.

　　請選擇我能放入籃子里這樣的蘋果。

　　（as在定語從句中作主語）

　　I am notthe samekind of personasyou are.

　　我可不是和你一類的人。

　　（as在從句中作表語）

　　You may takethe samebusaswe take.

　　你可乘坐我們坐的同一輛大巴。

　�。╝s在從句中作賓語）

　　慣用型2：　　such as…

　　在這種場合，such是代詞，表示“這種人、這種物”，as是關系代詞。

　　He is notsuchasyou can imagine.

　　他不是你能想象得到的那種人。

　　We have got a lot of drinkssuchasyou can find in supermarkets.

　　我們習了大量在超市能找到的那種飲料。

　　慣用型3：　　as…　　…, as…

　　as引導的'定語從句，有時像非限制性定語從句一樣修飾整個主句或者主句的一部分，但它的位置比較靈活，可以放在被修飾的主句后面，也可以放在主句前面。

　　例如：

　　Asyou can see, we are all students.

　　你能看得出，我們都是學生。

　　=We are allstudents,asyou can see.

　　=We are all students,whichyou can see.

　�。ㄟ@是詳細的解讀，大家請熟悉�。�

　　Asyou know, we need to hurry up.

　　大家知道，我們需要加快速度。

　　He is not very honest,asyou have proved.

　　她不是很誠實，這一點你已證實了。

　　歡迎轉發(fā)啊~~~發(fā)動大家來做作業(yè)，學英語~

　　英語作業(yè)　　改錯（正確句子不改）：

　　6、I had a friend who working in a hi-tech company.

　　7.Do you remember the fat man we talked 10 days ago?

　　8.Don’t worry about the mistakes that you would possibly make.

　　9.It was the day in which we got together.

　　10.Is this the house which you are living?

　　分析句子的英語語法結構，并翻譯成中文：

　　Qatar could face further sanctions by Arab states as a deadline to accept a series of demands from its Gulf neighbours, including closing down the television network al-Jazeera, passes on Sunday night、Rex Tillerson, the US secretary of state, was working the phones to see whether acompromise could be reached but Qatari leaders have effectively rejected the 13demands tabled 10 days ago by Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain.

　　英語作業(yè)參考答案：

　　我很想知道這是不是我的過錯，如果是，當然我應該向他道歉，如果不是，那是誰的錯呢?是他自己的錯嗎?突然，我有了一個好主意——我可以同他去談談。我想他不會拒絕與我交談的，因為我知道他是一個通情達理的人。

　　I wondered whether it was my fault、If it was my fault, of course I should apologize to him、If it was not my fault, whose fault was it? Was it his own fault? Suddenly, I got a good idea that I could have a talk with him、I thought he wouldn't refuse to talk with me because I knew he was a reasonable man.

　　one that定語從句

　　高考中常常考查one和that作為普通代詞的區(qū)別,還常與it進行區(qū)別.主要用法如下：

　　I.it／one ／that三者均可用作代詞,指代前面提到的名詞.一般說來,it指代同名同物; one與that則指代同名異物.

　　I have lost my umbrella; I'm looking for it.（該句中it就是指前面的my umbrella）

　　I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy one.（one在該句中表泛指,因為my umbrella已經丟了）

　　The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I bought.（替代詞that在該句中特指“the umbrella I bought”,以區(qū)別“the umbrella you bought”）

　　II.one與that雖可用來指代同名異物,但one為泛指,相當于a／an＋名詞; that為特指,相當于the ＋名詞.所以one所指代的名詞的修飾語一般為 a／an ／some ／any; that所指代的名詞的修飾語往往是the ／this ／that.

　　A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.（該句中one可以換成a chair）

　　The water in the cup is hotter than that in the pot.（該句中that可以換成 the water）

　　III.one只能代替可數名詞單數,代替可數名詞復數時用ones; that既可以代替不可數名詞也可以代替可數名詞單數,代替可數名詞復數時用 those.

　　I like this pen more than that one.（one代替可數名詞單數pen）

　　There were a few young people and some older ones in the house.（ones代替可數名詞復數people）

　　Mary's handwriting is far better than that of Peter.（that代替不可數名詞 handwriting）

　　These pictures are more beautiful than those.（those代替可數名詞復數 pictures）

　　IV.one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人.有時可以用the one或the ones代替that或those.

　　The one ／That on the table is mine.（該句中The one代替事物,并且也可以用That）

　　He is the teacher,the one who is loved by the students.（該句中the one代替人,不能用that）

　　He advised the farmers to choose the best seed-heads,the ones ／those that had the best color.（該句中the ones代替事物,并且也可以用those）

　　V.one一般有前置修飾語,有時也可有后置修飾語或不用修飾語.而 that不能有前置修飾語,但可有后置修飾語.

　　Cook was a strict but good captain,one who took good care of his sailors.

　　The water in the well is cleaner than that in the river.

　　VI.it可以替代句中的不定式或從句等,充當形式主語或形式賓語.one與that均無此用法.

　　It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth once every month.

　　I found it hard to get on with her.

　　VII.it與that均可以替代上文全句的內容或部分內容,而one ／ones則不可以

　　where定語從句　　where在定語從句中的用法

　　1.先行詞表示具體地點的,并在在定語從句中做狀語的（不做主語,表語和賓語）,用where引導定語從句.例如：this is the house where i once lived.

　　2.先行詞是表示抽象地點的如point,case,postion,condtion,activity,situation,job等,并作狀語用where引導.

　　You reach a point where medicine can’t help.你已到了藥物無法治療的地步.

　　It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job.這使我陷入一種不能接受此工作的境地.

　　She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能將她的管理技能派上用場的工作.

　　判斷關系代詞與關系副詞

　　方法一： 用關系代詞，還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要 求用關系代詞。例如：

　�。ㄥe） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

　　（錯） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

　�。▽Γ� This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

　�。▽Γ� I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

　　習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞 where, when聯系在一起。此兩題錯在關系詞的誤用上。

　　方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系 副詞.先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語時，應選擇關系代詞；先行詞在從句中作狀語時，應選 擇關系副詞。

　　例如：（對）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?

　�。▽Γ㊣s this the museum where the exhibition was held?